Chap. 7 1 7. Enghjh ‘Herbs. 1207 
ftalk, which is Jfometimcs longer, fomei imesjhort cr, 
as it may happen ; which berries are oj a blackifh 
green color , and rough or rugged on the out fide , 
within which is contained Aft colored Seed ; which 
if the Head is f offered to grow to be over-ripe , and 
be dryed in the Sun , will Jail out of themfelves up- 
012 the Ground , and Spring again in their Natural 
places the next Tear , by which means it conftantly 
renews it fclft Thefe Berries when they are at their 
full Maturity , have within them , that is , between 
the outward Skin, and inner Kernel or Seed, a cer- 
tain Juice, which being rubbed upon Paper or Cloth, 
at firft appears of a freft and lively Green color ; 
but prefcntly after changes into a kind of blewifh 
Purple. 
VII. T he Places. Thefe all grow in Spam, 
Italy, France , and other hot Countries •, but the firft 
and fecond thrive very well with us : The third 
with Care, is Manured in fome of our Gardens : 
The laft I had growing in one of my Plantations 
in Carolina, where I found it would grow and thrive 
as well as in Spain or Italy. 
VIII. The Times. They all of them Flower 
about the Summer Solftice, or when the Sun enters 
into Cancer in their Native Places, and the two 
firft with us; but the two latter fcarcely bear any 
Seed here in England , by reafon of the coldnefs 
of our Clime. 
IX. The Qualities. Thefe T urnfoles are all of 
them hot and dry in the firft degree ; Abfterfive, 
Aftringeht, Cardiack, ar 4 Alexipharmick. 
X. The Specification. They are faid to be Spe- 
cificks againft Fluxes of Blood, and of the Belly, 
Stinging of Scorpions, Bitings of th cPha/angium, 
Poilon, Stone or Gravel in the. Reins or Bladder •, 
Strangury, provoke the Courfes, caufe ipeedy and 
eafie Delivery to Women in Travel ; kill Worms, 
cure Agues and Fevers, give eafe in the Gout, In- 
flamation of the Brain, the Bitings of Serpents, and 
all other Venomous Creatures •, and being rubbed 
upon Warts, or other like hard Excrefcences or 
Kernels, it is faid to confume them by little and 
little, and to take them away, by often ufiag the 
dame. 
XI. The Preparations. You may have there- 
from, 1. The Juice of the Green Herb or Plant. 
2. The Simple Decotfion in Wine. 3. The Com- 
pound Decotfion. 4. The Seed. $. The Cataplafm. 
6 . The ' T urnfole Clouts. 
The Virtues. 
XII. The Juice of the Green Herb or Plant. 
It is faid to purge Choler and Flegm * and given 
to one or two Spoonfuls in Wine, it is good againft 
the Stinging of Scorpions, the bruifed Herb being 
alfo applyed to the partdjprt. It kills Worms in 
the Belly, both long and round ; and is good, being 
mixed with a little Salt, againft Warts, Wens, 
and hard Kernels, they being often Bathed there- 
with, and the Green Leaves being bruifed, being 
applyed thereto. 
XIII. T be Simple Decotfion in Wine. It has all 
the former Virtues, being given to half a Pint, 
and it may be given either alone, or mixt with an 
equal quantity of White Wine. 
XIV. The Compound Decotfion. It is made by 
boiling the Herb with Cummin-Seed, Hyjfop, Cref- 
fes , and Sal Nitre in White-Wine. It is good 
againft the Stone in the Reins and Bladder, as alfo 
againft Sand, Gravel, and Tartarous matter in 
thofe parts -, kills Worms of all kinds in the Bow- 
sis, and cures Tertian and Quartan Agues * Dofe 
half a Pint as aforefaid • befides which, it has all 
the Virtues of the Juice aforementioned. If the 
Decotfion is made of th e Dying Turnfole, it is faid 
to be good againft all Venomous Creatures, but 
chiefly againft the Biting of the Spider Phalangi- 
ttm, as alio the Stinging of Scorpions ; the bruifed 
Herb being alfo applyed thereto. 
XV. The Seed reduced into Pouder. It may be 
given from a Scruple to two Scruples or more, in 
any convenient Vehicle at Night going to Bed. It 
kills Worms in rhe Stomach and other Bowels * 
and being taken alfo every Night conftantly, and 
alfo 3 Hours before rhe coming of rhe Fits of Ter- 
tian and Quartan Agues, it is Lid to cure them. 
XVI. The Cataplafm of the Green Leaves. It 
is good againft the Stinging of Wafps, Hornets, 
and Scorpions, the bitings of ihe Phalangium, Vi* 
per, and other Serpents; and prevails againft the 
Gout in any part, or any place much pained ; as 
alfo the D.feafe called Syrians, which is an Infia- 
mation of the Head, or parts about the Brain-, in 
all thefe cafes it gives eafe after a Angular and ad- 
mirable manner; and being often and continually 
applyed for fome time, it perfectly cures them. 
XVII. The T urnfole Clouts. Thefe are they 
which are Sold in our Druggies Shops for T urnfole, 
being nothing elfe but old Rags dipt into the Juice 
of the full ripe Turnfole Berries, of the fourth 
Species, that which is commorly called the Dying 
Turnfole. The Juice of thefe Berries without 
doubt is Cordial, and cheers all the Spirits Natural, 
Vital, and Animal ; but nootherufeis made of ir, 
or of thefe Turnfole Clouts, but only to turn Wh'ie 
Wines into Claret, or a Claret color, and to color 
Tarts, Sweet-Meats, Gellies, and fuch other like 
things into a Glorious red color. But when one 
confiders, that thefe Turnfole Cfruts are old Shifts, 
Shirts, Smocks, Drawers, old nafty Stockings, 
coming off from Poor, Mangy, Leprous, and 
Scabby Creatures, who have worn them feveral 
Weeks, yea Months, and fometimes till rhev have 
rotted off from thofe Wretched, Difeafed C r e.;rtircs 
Backs; and that unwafht, or fo foul and filthy as 
they are, they are dipt into this Glorious and Pre- 
cious Turnjole Juice , which is fo dryed upon 
them ; it would make not a Nice, but even an Or- 
dinary and Ruftick Stomach, loarh to touch them, 
much more to abominate the Wine, Tarts, Gel- 
lies, Ejc. which are colored with them: However 
l leave the matter to every ones Appetite, to dif- 
penfe with it according to their feveral likings. 
As for my own part, 1 could never yet bring my 
Mind to the leaf! ufing thereof, fcarcely to the 
touching of thofe Filthy Rags or Clouts, without 
a detellation and abhorrence of them in the laft de- 
gree : But as 1 find them, fo I leave them, and re- 
mit their ufe to every ones Difcretion, and to gra- 
tifie the Stomachs and Appetites of thofe who make 
no fcruple of fuch a kind of Naftinefs. 
CHAP. DCCXVIII. 
Of T U T S A N j Or Park-Leaves. 
I. /_ T n II E Names. It is called in Greek, ’AvSH- 
. 1 . aui/xov : (a Sanguine Humano cui coma Juc- 
cus affimilatur.) Galen lays it is of two forts, the 
one called Dionyfias by fome ; the other Afcyri- 
um, or Afcyroides, i. e. Pet ers- Wort, of which we 
have already difeourfed in its proper place, viz. 
