i2]8 Salmon ’ s Herbal. Lib. 1 . 
w hjch being very thick oj Leaves, of a pure white 
color , ond many Jianding in a Clufter , J'weeter alfo 
than the Garden Single Kind, and longer abiding , 
caufcs it to be had in fome efieem. Its Leaves are 
fame thing leffcr, and of a frcfher green color, little 
or nothing fnipp'd about the edges , and more ten- 
der -, but its branches are more plentiful, and more 
eafie to be flift to be Planted again, than thofe of 
the Single Kind, but gives no Seed, as many other 
Double Flower'd Plants do in like manner . It is 
alfo more tender to be kept in Winter time than the 
Single Kind. 
XI. The fourth, or Double Purple Dames 
Violets. Thefe differ little or nothing from the 
former, faving in the color of the Flowers, which 
in this is of a fine pale Purplifh color, and not full 
out fo double as they, nor Jo many elude ring to- 
gether. 
XII. The Places. They all grow in Gardens 
for Ornament fake in a great meafure •, and the 
two Double Kinds in many Gardens in the Welt 
parts of England. 
XIII. The Times. They all Flower in May, 
June, and July chiefly •, and the White Double 
abides longeft in Flower, if it grows not too much 
in the Sun. 
XIV. As to the Qualities, Specification, Prepa- 
rations and Virtues of thefe Corn and Dames Vio- 
lets, Authors are totally iilent ^ nor have we learn’d 
any thing of them by Experience : yet we did not 
think it fit that they fhould want a place in this 
Our herbal, fince the molt General F/orifis , and 
all Lovers of Flowers, for their Beauty fake, al- 
low them a room ir« their Gardens. 
• » \ 
CHAP. DCCXXVII. 
Of V I P E Pv S Grafs. 
1 . r T A H E Names. It has no Arabic k nor Greek 
A Names that we know of, nor any Ancient 
Latin Name, being a Plant of modern Invention, 
and therefore is called by our modern Phyficians, 
Serpent aria, Viperaria , Viperina , (from its Virtues 
in curing the Bitings of that Serpent) and Scor zo- 
ne r a, (from the Spaniards, being equivalent to 
Viperaria) and in Englifh VipersGrafs, and alfo 
Scorzonera. 
II. The Kinds. Authors make 7,8 or 9 kinds, but 
molt of them being perfeft Strangers to us, and 
not to be feen in England in Ages, we (hall only 
difeourfe here of fuch as are Planted and Nurft 
up in our Gardens, which are the four following, 
viz. 1 . Scorzonera, feu Viperaria , Hifpanica ma- 
jor, The Greater Spanifh Vipers Grafs. 2. Scor- 
zonera minor Pannonica purpurea, Hungarian Pur- 
ple Flower’d Vipers Grafs. 3. Scorzonera major 
Pannonica latifolia. The Greater Hungarian broad 
leav’d Vipers Grafs. 4. Scorzonera minima radice 
tuberofa hifpanica. The fmalleil Spanilh Vipers 
Grafs with a Tuberofe Root. 
T he Defcriptions . 
III. The firft, or Greater Spanifh Vipers Grafs. 
It s Root is long, thick and round, brittle and black , 
with a certain roughnefs on the outfide, but very 
white within, yielding when broken , a Milky Li- 
quor, cu every other part of the Plant docs befides, 
yet the Root more than any other part and withal, 
it abides many Tears without decay. It has fever al 
long Leaves, not broad, nor yet very narrow-, hard 
and crumpled on the edges, and fometimes unevenly 
indented or waved on the edges, of a blewifh green 
color. From among which, rifes up one Stalk, and 
no more for the mofi part, two Feet high, or there- 
abouts, having here and there fome narrower long 
Leaves thereon than thofe below. The top of the 
Stalk branches it f elf forth into other parts , every 
one bearing a long fcaly Head, from out of the top 
whereof, rifes a fair , large , double Flower, of a 
pale yellow color, much like to the Flower 0/ Yellow 
Goats Beard, but a little lefs which being pafi, 
the Seed comes, being long , whitifh and rough, in- 
clofed in much Down, and among them many other 
long fmooth Seeds, which are limber and fruit - 
lefs, but are all carried away with the Wind. 
IV. The fecond, or Purple Hungarian Vipers- 
Grafs. Its Root is like the former, and it hat 
long and narrow Leaves, of the fame blewifh green 
color with the former. The Stalk rifes up to be 
about a Foot and half high, with a Jew fuch like 
Leaves, but fhorter thereon, fpreading out at the 
top into 2 or 3 parts, bearing on each of them one 
Flower fajbion’d like the former, and Jianding in 
the like fcaly Knob or Head, but of a blewifh 
purple color, and not fully fo large , which has 
the fvoeeteft Smell of any of the Species, or Kinds 
of Vi per 3- Grafs, not much inferior to the moji deli- 
cate Perfume. 
V. The third, or Greateft Hungarian broad 
Leav’d Vipers- Grafs. Its Root is long and great. 
Vipers Grafs^^^Flomed. 
Sell. III. and IV. 
Vipers Grafs Tuberofe Rooted, Seft. VI. 
thruJUng 
