73 8 
Of the Hiftorie of Plants. 
Ll B. 2 
of a refonablc good fmell. The feed followeth,long and fharpe, likevnto thofe of Goates-beard. 
The root is thicke, long, and full of a milkie juice, as are the leaues aifo . 
4 The narrow leaned Hungary Vipers-grafte hath long leaues like to thofe of Goates-beard, 
but longer and narrower, among which rifethvp a llender hollow ftalke, ftiffe and fmootb,onthe 
top whereof do Hand faire double floures of afaire blew colour tending to purple, in fhape like 
the other of his kinde,of a pleafant fweet fmell, like the fmell of fweec balls made of Benzoin. 
The feed is conteined in l'mall cups like thofe of Goates beard, wrapped inadownie matter, that 
is caried away with the winde. Therootisnot fo thicke nor long as the others, very Angle, bear- 
ded at the top, with certain hairy thrums yeelding a milkie juice of a refinous tafte, and fomewhat 
fharpewithall . It endureth the winter euen as theothersdo. 
4 5 This (vvhofe figure was by our Authour put to the Iaft defeription) hath leaues like 
thofe of Goates-beard,but differ and fhorter,amongft which there growes vp a fhort hollow ftalke 
fome handfull high,fet with a few fhort leaues, bearing a yellow floure at the top,almoft like that 
ofthelaft faue one, but leffe , the feed is conteined in fuchcupsas the common Vipers-grafte, 
and being ripe is caried away with the leaft winde. Theroot is blacke,with a wrinkled barke,and 
full of milke, hailing the head hairy, as alfo the laft deferibed hath. This by Clufuts is called Scorfi- 
rtera humtlis angttfli folia P annonica. f 
Moft of thefe are ftrangers in England. The two firft deferibed do grow in my garden. The reft 
are touched in their feuerall titles. 
They floure and flourifh from May to the end of Inly. 
Vipers-grafte is called of the Spaniards Scorzonera, which foundeth in Latine Viperaria, or Vipe- 
rinafit Serpent aria, fo called becaufe it is accounted to be of force and efficacy againft the poifons 
of Vipers and ferpents, for ripen or a viper is called in Spanifh Scurzo : ithath no name either in 
the high or low Dutch, nor in any other, more than hath been faid,that I canreade: inEngltfh we 
may call it Scorzoner, after the Spanith name, or Vipers-grafte. 
5f 7 he Temper at ure. 
They are hot and moift as, are the Goates-beards. 
5J TheVertues. 
1 1 is reported by thofe of great iudgement, that V ipers-graffe is moft excellent againft the in- 
fedlions of the plague, and all poifons of venomous beafts,and efpecially to cure thebitings ofvi- 
pers,(ofwhich there be very many in Spaineand other hot countries, yet haue I heard that they 
haue been feen in England) if the juice or herbe be drunke. 
g It helpeth the infirmities of the heart, and fuch as vfe to fwotine muchiit cureth alfo them that 
haue the falling Ackenefle,and fuch as are troubled with giddinefl'e in the head. 
£ The root being eaten, either rolled members, lodden,or raw, doth make a man merry, and re- 
mouethall forrow. 
[) The root condited with fugar, as are the roots of Eringos and fuch like, worke the likeeffeds: 
but more familiarly, being thus dreffed. 
1 r-ptle greateft double Marigold hath many large, fa t,broad leaues,fpringing immediately 
X from a fibrous or threddy root ; the vpper fidesof tbeleaues are of adeepegreene, and 
the lower fide of a more light and fhining grecne . among which rife vp ftalkes fomewhat hairie, 
andalfo fomewhat jointed, and full of a fpungioe pith. The floures in the top are beautifull, 
round,very large and double, fomething fweet, wr.i name ftrong fmell, of a light faffron co- 
lour, orlike pure gold:from thewhich follow a number ong crooked feeds, efpecially theout- 
moftjOr thofe that Hand about the edges of the floure ; w . I being fowne commonly bring forth 
Angle floures, whereas contrariwife thofe feeds in the middle ire It (Ter, and for the moft part bring 
forth fuch floures as that was from whence it was taken, 
2 The common double Marigold hath manv fat,tl: eke, crumpled leaues let vpona groffeand 
fpungious ftalkeiwhereunon do grow faire double yellow floures, hailing for the moft partin the 
middle a bunch of threddes thicke thruft together : which, being paft there fucceed fuch crooked 
feeds as the firft defcribed.The root is thickeand hard, with fome threds annexed thereto. 
51 The Place and Time. 
5f The Names. 
Chap. 254. Of Marigolds 
The Defeription. 
3 The 
