578 
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES 
Serial temperatures (° C .) in Fundy Deep for June, 1904, after Dawson {1922) 
Depth 
June 23, 
1904 
June 29, 
1904‘ 
Depth 
June 23, 
1904 
June 29, 
1904 * 
Surface. __ 
8 
11.1 
9.7 
9.4 
6. 7 
8.6 
9 meters 
7.5 
6.4 
7.5 
18 meters 
7 
6.4 
6.4 
1 Dawson’s records are given to the nearest 0.5° F. 
Surface water only about 4° warmer than the 50 to 60 meter level at these Bay 
of Fundy stations, as late as the last half of June, is an interesting contrast to the 
coastal sector between Cape Cod and Cape Elizabeth, where the surface temperature 
rises to 7° to 8° higher than 50 to 60 meter temperature by that season; nor does 
this regional divergence reach its maximum until late in summer (p. 596). 
The most interesting phase of the June temperatures for 1915 is the light which 
the} 7 throw on the hydrographic cycle in the southeastern parts of the gulf. As 
stated above (p. 561), actual chilling takes place over the banks west of Nova Scotia, 
and out into the neighboring basin, from April to May, while the icy water of the 
Nova Scotian current is flowing into the gulf from the east past Cape Sable, although 
vernal warming is well under way elsewhere. 
In 1915 this flow had become so weak during the last half of May (if it had not 
ceased altogether) that it no longer offset the normal tendency of the water to warm 
at this season. Consequently the temperature of the whole column of water on 
German Bank rose from about 3° on May 7 to about 6° on June 19 (station 10290). 
Unfortunately, the neighboring station in the basin (10270) was not revisited in June; 
but the surface a few miles northward also warmed from a temperature of 4° to 5° 
in mid May to 9.7° on June 19 (station 10288), though with a rate so rapidly decreas- 
ing with depth that the deep water, at 100 to 180 meters, was only 0.4° to 1° warmer 
on the later date than on the earlier one. As this rise of temperature in the deeps 
was accompanied by a corresponding rise in salinity (p. 755), it is to be credited to a 
renewed pulse in the inflow through the Eastern Channel, and 1919 seems to have 
been a still “earlier” season in this respect, as described above (p. 558). 
Off Shelburne, only 25 to 30 miles to the eastward of Cape Sable, by contrast, 
the 50 to 75 meter stratum continued very cold next the coast (0.7° to 0.9°) until 
the last week of June in 1915 (Bigelow, 1917a, stations 10291 and 10292), and was 
only slightly warmer at the end of July of that year (Bjerkan, 1919) or in July, 1914 
(station 10231). Consequently, it would not be surprising to find the water along 
western Nova Scotia temporarily chilled by a renewed pulse from this icy reservoir 
at any time during June, either at the surface or a few meters down. Serial readings 
taken off Yarmouth, also off Cape Sable, by Dawson in 1907 (1922, p. 82, stations 
M and S), show that some such event did take place that year, made evident by 
a drop in the bottom temperature (55 meters) in the offing of Yarmouth, Nova 
Scotia, from 4.7° on June 17 to 1.1° on June 25, although the surface water con- 
tinued to rise in the normal seasonal advance. 
