PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY OF THE GULF OF MAINE 
619 
The spacial relationship which the comparatively warm bottom water of the 
gulf bears to the colder mid stratum, to the still colder Nova Scotian water, and to 
the warm surface water, in summer, may best be illustrated by profiles crossing the 
Eastern Channel (fig. 61), crossing the gulf from west to east (figs. 62 and 63), and 
running out normal to the general trend of the eastern coast line of Maine (fig. 64). 
The first of these, in conjunction with the corresponding profile for March (fig. 
19), is especially interesting for its demonstration that it coincided with a slack period 
when a counter drift out of the gulf had filled the western side of the channel with 
colder and less saline water, but followed an inward pulse that had overflowed 
Browns Bank, raising the temperature of the whole column there to the high figure 
(8.5° to 14.7°) stated on the profile (station 10228). This, however, had spread no 
Stations 
Fig. 61. — Temperature profile running from the eastern end*of Georges Bank, across the Eastern Channel, Browns Bank, 
and the Northern Channel, to the offing of Cape Sable, July 23 to 25, 1914 
farther north — witness the lower values in the Northern Channel (station 10229) and 
the still colder water (3° to 10°) at the Cape Sable end of the profile (station 10230). 
Our summer cruise of 1914 does not afford a satisfactory profile across the gulf 
for July or August, lacking serial observations along the eastern slope of the basin, 
where the axis of warm bottom water, drifting into the gulf, is to be expected. One 
running eastward from the mouth of Massachusetts Bay toward Cape Sable for August 
31 to September 2, 1915 (fig. 62), however, will represent the late summer state 
equally well for the gulf as a whole in a moderately warm year. The spacial rela- 
tionship there shown between the warm surface water in the western side of the gulf 
(>16°), the cold mid stratum centering at about 100 meters (close to 5.5°), the warmer 
slope water (>6°) banked up against the eastern slope of the basin at depths greater 
than 140 meters, and the homogeneous column (9° to 10°) on German Bank in the 
