210 
CALYCI FLOIUE. 
a wash or gargle, in cases of salivation or disease of the gums. 
The principal use to which the Chaw-stick is applied, however, 
is as a substitute for the tooth-brush itself. For this purpose, 
the extremity of a piece of a branch, which is usually about the 
thickness of the little finger, is softened by chewing, and then 
rubbed against the teeth. In this manner a tooth-brush and, 
with it, a powder are obtained, equal, if not superior, to any 
in use in Europe. 
Ceanothus. 
Calyx 5-fid, bell-shaped ; the base under the fruit 
persistent and sub-adhering. Petals 5, small, with a 
long claw, hooded, seldom o. Stamens 5, exserted, 
before the petals. Styles 2-3, united as far as the 
middle. Berry juiceless, 3- rarely 2- or 4-locular, 
with chartaceous coccules, 1 -seeded, pervious at the 
base, bursting on the inner side : seeds ovate. 
Trees or shrubs ; leaves ovate. — Name , from xtavoOog, derived 
from x-u to prick, the name of a prickly plant, noticed by 
Theophrastus. 
I. Ceanothus sarcomphalus. Seaside Buckthorn. 
Leaves ovate or oval glabrous very entire obtuse or 
emarginate, peduncles terminal or axillary shorter 
than the leaf racemoso-corymbose. 
Sarcomphalus, Brown , Jam. 179. — Rhamnus sarcomphalus, 
Linn. Amcen. V. 395, — Kunth, Nov. Gen. Am. VII. 57 Poiret , 
Enc. Meth. IV. 467 — Ceanothus sarcomphalus, De Cand. Prod. 
II. 30. 
HAB, Common, between Kingston and Albion, on the Wind- 
ward road. Near Hanson’s Salt Pond. 
FL. April. 
About 15 feet in height: branches erect, terete ; the bark 
brownish-black, and, to the touch, scabrous. Leaves alternate, 
shortly petiolate, glabrous, membranaceous, slightly emarginate. 
Panicle axillary or terminal, cymose. Flowers small, greenish 
yellow, very shortly pedicelled. Peduncles and pedicels mi- 
nutely puberulous. Calycine segments acute. Petals scarcely 
broader than the filaments which lie in their embrace. Disk 
fleshy, surrounding the ovary. Style 2-fid. Berry rounded, 
bilocular : seeds solitary, hemispherical. 
2. Ceanothus sphaerocarpus. Bound-fruited Jamaica 
Buckthorn. 
Leaves oblong acuminate serrated glabrous, pedun- 
