136 
Fishery Bulletin 99(1) 
Literature cited 
Aebersold, P. B., G. A. Winans, D. J. Teel, G. B. Milner, and 
F. M. Utter. 
1987. Manual for starch gel electrophoresis: a method for 
the detection of genetic variation. U.S. Dep. Commer., 
NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 61. 
Allendorf, F., N. Ryman, and F. Utter. 
1987. Genetics and fishery management: past, present, and 
future. In Population genetics and fishery management 
(N. Ryman and F. Utter, eds.), p. 1-20. Univ. Washington 
Press, Seattle, WA. 
Allendorf, F., and G. A Thorgaard. 
1984. Tetraploidy and the evolution of salmonid fishes. In 
Evolutionary genetics of fishes (B. J. Turner, ed.), p. 1-53. 
Plenum, New York, NY. 
Altukhov, Yu. P, E. A. Salmenkova, V. T. Omelchenko, and 
V. N. Efanov. 
1983. Genetic differentiation and population structure of 
pink salmon of the Sakhalin-Kuril region. [English transl.] 
Biologiya Morya 2:46-51. 
Anderson, B. G. 
1981. Late Weichselian ice sheets in Eurasia and Green- 
land. In The last great ice sheets (J. H. Denton and T. J. 
Hughes, eds.), p. 3-65. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY. 
Aspinwall, N. 
1974. Genetic examination of North American populations 
of the pink salmon, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, possible evi- 
dence for the neutral mutation-random drift hypothesis. 
Evolution 28:295-305. 
Bartlein, P. J., P. M. Anderson, M. E. Edwards, and 
P. F. McDowell. 
1991. A framework for interpreting paleoclimatic variations 
in eastern Beringia. Quatern. Internat. 10-12:1991. 
Beacham, T. D., R. E. Withler, and A. P. Gould. 
1985. Biochemical genetic stock identification of pink salmon 
( Oncorhynchus gorbuscha ) in Southern British Columbia 
and Puget Sound. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 42:1474-1483. 
Beacham, T. D., R. E. Withler, C. B. Murray, and L. W. Barner. 
1988. Variation in body size, morphology, egg size, and bio- 
chemical genetics of pink salmon in British Columbia. 
Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 117:109-126. 
Bespalyy, V. G. 
1984. Late Pleistocene mountain glaciation in Northeastern 
USSR. In Late Quaternary environments of the Soviet 
Union (A. A. Velichko, H. E. Wright Jr., and C. W. Barnosky, 
eds.), p. 31-33. Univ. Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN. 
Boyer, S. H., D. C. Fainer, M. A. Naughton. 
1963. Myoglobin: Inherited structural variation in man. Sci- 
ence (Washington D.C. >140:1228-1231. 
Brykov, V. A., N. Polyakova, L.A. Skurikhina, A.D. Kukhlevsky, 
O N. Kirillova, D. Churikov, A.I. Pudovkin, and A. J. Gharrett. 
1999. Analysis of mtDNA indicates weak temporal genetic 
heterogeneity in pink salmon spawning runs in two rivers 
on Sakhalin Island. J. Fish Biol. 55:617-635. 
Cavalli-Sforza, L. L., and A. W. F. Edwards. 
1967. Phylogenetic analysis: models and estimation proce- 
dures. Evolution 21:550-570. 
Chakraborty, R., and O. Leimar. 
1987. Genetic variation within a subdivided population. In 
Population genetics and fishery management (N. Ryman 
and F. Utter, eds.), p. 89-120. Univ. Washington Press, 
Seattle, WA. 
Clayton, J. W., and D. N. Tretiak. 
1972. Amino citrate buffer for pH control of starch gel elec- 
trophoresis. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 29:1169-1172. 
Cooper, D. W. 
1968. The significance level in multiple tests made simulta- 
neously. Heredity 23:614—617. 
de Vernal, A., and T. F. Pedersen. 
1997. Micropaleontology and palynology of core PAR87A-10: 
A 23,000 year record of paleoenvironmental changes in the 
Gulf of Alaska, northeast North Pacific. Paleoceanogra- 
phy 12:821-830. 
Fairbanks, R. G. 
1989. A 17,000-year glacio-eustatic sea level record: influ- 
ence of glacial melting rates on the Younger Dryas event 
and deep ocean circulation. Nature 342:637-642. 
Gagalchii, N. G. 
1986. Population genetic analysis of the Kamchatka pink 
salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha (Walb.). Cand. Sci. diss., 
Leningrad State Univ., Leningrad. 
Gharrett, A. J. 
1994. Genetic dynamics of a small population system: a 
model applicable to interaction between hatchery and wild 
fish. Aquacult. Fish. Manage. 25(suppl. 2):79-97. 
Gharrett, A. J., C. Smoot, A. J. McGregor, and P. B. Holmes. 
1 988. Genetic relationships of even-year northwestern Alas- 
kan pink salmon. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 117:536-545. 
Gharrett, A. J., and M. A. Thomason. 
1987. Genetic changes in pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gor- 
buscha) following their introduction into the Great Lakes. 
Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 44:787-792. 
Glubokovsky, M. K., L. A. Zhivotovsky, R. M. Victorovsky, 
A. M. Bronevsky, K. I. Afanas’ev, V. V. Efremov, 
L. N. Ermolenko, B. A. Kalabushkin, V. G. Kovalev, 
A. N. Makoedov, T. V. Malinina, S. P. Pustovoit, and G. A. Rubtsova. 
1989. Population organization of the pink salmon. [English 
transl.] Genetika 25:1275-1285. 
Hamilton, T. D. 
1986. Late Cenozoic glaciation in the central Brooks Range. 
In Glaciation in Alaska: the geologic record (T. D. Hamilton, 
K. M. Reed, and R. M. Thorson, eds.), p. 9-49. Alaska Geo- 
logical Society, Anchorage, AK. 
Hawkins, S., N. Varnavskaya, J. Pohl, and R. Wilmot. 
1998. Simulations of the even-year Asian pink salmon 
(Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) genetic baseline to determine 
accuracy and precision of stock composition estimates. N. 
Pac. Anadr. Fish Comm. Bull. 1:213-219. 
Heard, W. R. 
1991. Life history of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbus- 
cha). In Pacific salmon life histories (C. Groot and L. Mar- 
golis, eds.), p. 119-230. UBC Press, Vancouver, Canada. 
Holmes, R. S., and C. J. Masters. 
1970. Epigenetic interconversion of the multiple forms of 
mouse liver catalase. FEBS Letters 11:45-48. 
Hop, H., and A. J. Gharrett. 
1989. Genetic relatedness of Arctic grayling in the Koyu- 
kuk and Tanana rivers, Alaska. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 
118:290-295. 
Hopkins, D. M. 
1982. Aspects of the paleogeography of Beringia during the 
late Pleistocene. In Paleoecology of Beringia (D. M. Hop- 
kins, J. V. Matthews, C. E. Schweger, and S. B. Young, eds.), 
p. 3-28. Academic Press, New York, NY. 
Kartavtsev, Yu. F. 
1991. Temporal and spatial variability in allelic frequencies 
in populations of pink salmon, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha. 
[English transl.] J. Ichthyol. 31(2):87-98. 
Kartavtsev, Yu. F., V. V. Efremov, M. V. Smirnov, E. V. Ivankova, 
and N. E. Polyakova. 
1992. Analysis of genotype distributions at allozyme loci 
