449 
on Spirituous Liquors. 
quently the expansion will be made to appear too great. The 
effect of this circumstance will be very considerable ; but in the 
use of this instrument we have no certain means of ascertain- 
ing with accuracy the quantity of error occasioned by it, 
because that quantity falls in with other errors. Of this I 
shall speak more hereafter, in my remarks on another instru- 
ment which I constructed, without a stopper, and which w*as 
also recommended by the same gentleman. 
The former experiments were all made with that kind of 
instrument which has a tube rising from the side of the ball, 
with a ground-glass stopper inserted into it ; an instrument we 
have seen by no means to be considered as sufficiently accu- 
rate for ascertaining the expansion of fluids ; I therefore con- 
structed another, similar to the other of the two recommended 
by Mr. Ramsden, which has two tubes rising from the ball, 
one on each side. 
Having charged this instrument with some of the same 
spirit which was made use of in the former experiments, and 
brought it to the temperature of 6o°, the spirit in the two 
tubes was found to stand at 4 above o. It was then cooled 
down to 30°, when the spirit in the two tubes was found to 
stand at 161 below o, the instrument being always so held as> 
to bring it to the same point in both tubes. I then heated it 
up to ioo°, and it stood in the two tubes at 236 above o. I, 
cooled it again to 30°, when it was found to stand in the two 
tubes at 162 below o. It was again heated up to ioo°, and it 
stood in the two tubes at 236 above o. I then brought it again, 
to the temperature of 6o°, and found it to stand in the two 
tubes at no more than 3 above o. 
