114 
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES 
where they form saddle-like blotches. A dark cross line is present on the base of the 
caudal fin and a few dark dots have appeared on the spinous dorsal (fig. 43). 
This species is very close to C. regalis, differing (in addition to having fewer 
anal rays) chiefly in color. In general, the individual markings (chromatophores) 
are smaller and form less definite blotches. Furthermore, blotches on the back and 
in the lateral line, if present, are separate, whereas in C. regalis, blotches somewhat 
similarly placed, are connected and form more or less definite crossbands, at least 
on the anterior part of the body. The indications are that C. nothus has the middle 
rays of the caudal more strongly produced, though this cannot be determined defi- 
nitely because this fin is more or less damaged in all the specimens at hand. 
Specimens 40 to 46 millimeters long. — The body has become deeper posterior to 
the ventral fins, and the head is rather more pointed. The proportions, measured 
as in the smaller specimens, have not changed greatly. The head is contained 2.5 to 
2.75 in the standard length, and the depth 3.2 to 3.6 times. The eye and snout are of 
about equal length and are contained 3.7 to 4.3 in the head. The mouth remains 
quite oblique, the gape anteriorly being somewhat above the lower margin of the 
eye, and the maxillary reaches about opposite the posterior margin of the pupil, it 
being contained 1.9 to 2.2 in the head. The body is fully covered with scales and 
small scales also are evident on the base of the soft dorsal and on the anal. The 
caudal fin remains long and pointed, the middle rays being much produced and nearly 
an eye’s diameter longer than the head. The body has become more definitely 
blotched, the blotches consisting chiefly of a series along the lateral line and another 
on the back. In the majority of specimens examined the blotches are separate, but 
in some examples the ones on the anterior part of the back tend to unite with those 
on the side to form cross bars. Dark dots are present on both dorsals, the caudal, 
and occasionally on the anal. 
This species continues to differ from C. regalis in color, the body generally being 
blotched, or if suggestions of crossbars occur they are present anteriorly only, and are 
less distinct than in C. regalis. The caudal fin is notably longer and more sharply 
pointed in C. nothus, the longest rays being nearly an eye’s diameter longer than the 
head, whereas in C. regalis none of the rays exceed the length of the head. In the 
proportional measurements given in the foregoing description the two species are 
almost identical at a range in length of 40 to 46 millimeters. 
Specimens 75 millimeters and upward in length. — The depth is contained 3.4 to 
4.0 times in the standard length in specimens 75 to 90 millimeters long, and these 
proportions prevail in adult fish, also. However, the body remains notably more 
compressed, its greatest width being somewhat less than the length of the maxillary. 
The fish apparently increase in robustness very gradually as long as growth continues. 
At a length of 150 millimeters the width of the body is about equal to the length 
of the maxillary, and in larger fish the width exceeds the length of the maxillary. 
The head is contained 2.9 to 3.0 times in the length in fish 75 to 90 millimeters 
long, as compared with 3.2 to 3.4 in specimens ranging from 150 to 200 millimeters 
in length. Therefore, the head remains proportionately longer, as usual, in the 
smaller fish. The mouth virtually has attained the position and nearly the pro- 
portions of the adult in specimens only about 40 millimeters long, described in the 
foregoing section, and the two large recurved canines in the upper jaw, character- 
istic of this genus, slightly evident at a length of 45 millimeters, are prominent in 
specimens 75 millimeters long. Small scales are present on the basal portion of the 
fins, exclusive of the spinous dorsal, at a length of 75 millimeters (and earlier in some 
