216 
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES 
omitted. No attempt was made to arrange the nets in any definite order as to size 
of mesh. In general it was customary to intersperse the larger mesh sizes with the 
smaller. All sets were made on the bottom. 
The nets were lifted and reset once each day. At least once each week they 
were removed from the water, stretched on a reel, and allowed to dry thoroughly. 
At intervals of about a month all the nets were treated with copper soap after a 
method suggested by Harry Hansen, formerly of the Bureau of Fisheries. 
The 1928 data contain only scattered information as to the depth from which 
the various samples were taken. During 1930 observations were made regularly as 
to the general depth and the nature of the bottom in the region in which the nets were 
set. Later it was found desirable to possess more precise information on the matter 
of depth. Accordingly in 1931 and 1932 soundings were made to determine the 
depth at which each particular net was set. Routine records were kept as to the 
condition of the weather (cloudiness, precipitation, and strength and direction of the 
wind). Catches from the different sizes of mesh were placed separately in labeled 
pails. After the return to the field laboratory counts of the number of fish taken 
in each net were added to the field notes. 
FIELD DATA RECORDED FOR INDIVIDUAL SPECIMENS 
Scale samples were taken in the field from all specimens except those preserved 
for morphometric studies. (The treatment of preserved specimens will be discussed 
later.) The scale samples were removed whenever possible from the left side of the 
body dorsal to the lateral line and ventral to the dorsal fin. Scales were stored in 
standard Bureau of Fisheries scale envelops. On each serially numbered envelop 
were recorded date, locality, species, length, weight, sex, state of maturity, 4 and 
gear. 5 The field numbers included in the day’s catch were cataloged. 
The standard length (from the tip of the snout to the end of the vertebral col- 
umn) was measured for each individual fish. Enough measurements of the total 
length (from the tip of the snout to the line connecting the tips of the extended 
caudal fin) were made to obtain a reliable figure for the ratio between standard and 
total length. 6 All lengths were measured with a steel tape in a straight line between 
the points indicated, not along the curvature of the body, and were recorded to the 
nearest millimeter. Throughout this paper the unit of length can be assumed to 
be the millimeter. 
The smaller individuals were weighed on a Chatillon spring platform balance of 
500-gram capacity with calibrations at 2-gram intervals. Weights of these fish were 
estimated to the nearest gram. Weight records above 500 grams were obtained by 
means of a Chatillon spring platform balance of 5-kilo capacity and with calibrations 
at 20-gram intervals. Weights of these larger fish were estimated to the nearest 5 
grams. Toward the close of the 1931 collecting season the smaller balance devel- 
oped a fluctuating error that was at no point greater than 2 grams. This balance 
was replaced by a new instrument at the beginning of the 1932 season. 
4 A fish whose sexual condition showed that it would spawn in the coming autumn was listed as mature, whether or not it may 
have spawned previously. 
‘Sex, maturity, and gear were not recorded for the 1928 samples. 
‘The ratio, total length in standard length, has the following values: Clear Lake, 0.84; Trout Lake, 0.84; Silver Lake, 0.85; 
Muskellunge Lake, 0.85; Allequash Lake, 0.84. The ratio was not determined for the Tomahawk Lake cisco. 
