420 
BULLETIN OF BUREAU OF FISHERIES 
Ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3 
Chemical industries; manufacture of explosives; in fertilizers. Wells (1915b), 800 p. p. m. in 
tap water killed bluegills, Lepomis pallidus, in 3.9 hours; in distilled water lethal to bluegills in 
16 days; Powers (1917), 4,545 p. p. m. in distilled water killed goldfish, Carassius auratus, in 90 hours. 
Ammonium sulphate, (NHdaSCh 
Chemical wastes; gas wastes; fertilizers. Wells (1915b), 66 p. p. m. in tap water killed bluegills, 
Lepomis pallidus, in 3 hours, 30 minutes, in distilled water lethal to bluegills in 17 days; Shelford 
(1917), 420-500 p. p. m. in tap water killed Lepomis humilis, in 1 hour; M. M. E., 264 p. p. m. in 
hard water killed goldfish, Carassius auratus, in 6 days or less. 
Ammonium sulphide, (NH^Si 
Chemical wastes; in wastes from some beet-sugar processes; in some gas wastes. M. M. E., 
100 p. p. m. in hard water killed goldfish, Carassius auratus, in 72 hours, 10 p. p. m. in hard water, 
goldfish survived more than 100 hours of exposure. 
Ammonium thiocyanate, NH4CNS. Rhodanammonium 
Gas wastes; chemical industries. Shelford (1917), 280-300 p. p. m. in tap water killed orange- 
spotted sunfish in 1 hour; Demyanenko (1931), 200 p. p. m. lethal for fish. 
Amyl alcohol (iso), C5H11OH 
Chemical wastes; in some distillery wastes. M. M. E., 100 p. p. m. in hard water killed goldfish, 
Carassius auratus, in 82 hours, 1 p. p. m. killed goldfish in 161 hours. 
Aniline, CaHsNH^ 
Dye wastes; chemical industries; gas wastes. Shelford (1917), 1,020-1,122 p. p. m. killed orange- 
spotted sunfish, Lepomis humilis, in l hour; Demyanenko (1931), 250 p. p. m. lethal for fishes. 
Arsenic trioxide, white arsenic 
See sodium arsenate. 
Barium chloride, BaCb 
Some chemical wastes; some alkaline pools. Powers (1917), 5,000 p. p. m. in distilled water 
killed goldfish, Carassius auratus, in 12-17 hours. 
Benzoic acid, CjHs-CQOH 
Gas wastes. Shelford (1917), 550-570 p. p. m. in tap water killed orange-spotted sunfish, 
Lepomis humilis, in 1 hour; M. M. E., 200 p. p. m. in hard water killed goldfish in 7-96 hours. 
See cupric sulphate. 
Blue Vitriol 
Bromine, Brj 
Chemical industries; bromine plant wastes. Penny and Adams (1863), 29 p. p. m. killed min- 
nows and goldfish; M. M. E., 20 p. p. m. in hard water killed goldfish in 15-96 hours, 10 p. p. m. 
in soft water lethal for cladocerans, Daphnia magna. 
Butyl alcohol (iso), C4H9OH 
Paint and varnish solvents; some chemical industries. Powers (1917), 250 p. p. m. in distilled 
water killed goldfish, Carassius auratus, in 7-20 hours. 
Cadmium chloride, CdCB 
Pigment works; calico printing; chemical wastes. Powers (1917), 0.0165 p. p. m. in distilled 
water killed goldfish in 8 hours 40 minutes to 18 hours. 
