DEVELOPMENT AND LIFE HISTORY OF SOME TELEOSTS 
523 
same size it is contained 3.5 to 3.9 times. Other proportions do not differ measur- 
ably in the two groups, the head in six specimens (three of each group) measured 
being contained 3.3 to 3.6 times in the length without the caudal fin, eye 2.8 to 3.2 
in the head, and the snout 3.3 to 3.8 in head. The teeth remain small and equally 
developed in the pigmented and unpigmented specimens. Pigmented specimens 
about 20 mm in length are at least partly covered with scales but smaller pigmented 
fish and unpigmented ones, up to 20 mm in length, have none. The ctenoid character 
of the scales is evident as soon as the scales are developed. The fins are longer and 
more fully developed in the pigmented fish, though the ventral spine is differentiated 
in each group. The pigmented specimens, however, have the first soft ray of the 
ventral produced into a short filament, which is not present in unpigmented fish. 
The caudal fin is deeply concave in all specimens. 
The specimens referred to in the foregoing paragraph as unpigmented retain a 
few dark markings, essentially as in much smaller fish. The pigmented ones already 
are more or less greenish in life. The preserved specimens, as seen under magnifica- 
tion, are profusely dotted with black; these dots being concentrated in certain places 
where they form cross bars. The dark spots extend more or less on the dorsal and 
anal fins (fig. 15). 
Specimens 25 to 30 mm long . — The body is strongly compressed and it has con- 
tinued to increase in depth, which now is contained 2.5 to 3.0 in the length without 
the caudal fin, proportions found also in adults. The dorsal profile is strongly ele- 
vated and round, being much more strongly curved than the ventral outline. The 
head is rather short and deep, being contained 2.8 to 3.1 times in the length without the 
caudal fin; the snout remains blunter and proportionately shorter than in the adult, 
3.5 to 3.8 in head; eye 3.1 to 3.5. The mouth has become almost horizontal, the gape 
being wholly below the eye; the maxillary reaches slightly past the anterior margin 
of the eye; and the anterior teeth are somewhat enlarged. The exposed tips of the 
anterior teeth are pointed, and under magnification it is evident that these tips arise 
in pairs from a common base. The body is fully scaled; the pectoral and ventral 
fins remain shorter than in adults; the first soft ray of the ventral retains a short 
filament, which reaches the origin of the anal; and the second anal spine already is 
stronger than the third one, though not as much so as in the adult. 
In the general color pattern specimens 30 mm long do not differ greatly from 
larger fish (fig. 16). 
