BIOLOGICAL STUDY OP CHESAPEAKE BAY WATEKS 
341 
Pionosyllis manca 9 Treadwell, Myriana cirrata 9 Treadwell, Autolytus hesperidium 
Clapar6de, A. solitarius Webster and Benedict, Nereis dumerilii Audouin et Milne 
Edwards, N. limbata Ehlers, Lumbrinereis tenuis Verrill, Arabella opalina Verrill, 
Diopatra cuprea Claparede, Chaetopterus variopedatus Renieri, Streblospio benedicti 
Webster, Scolecolepis viridis Verrill, S. tenuis Verrill, Polydora ligni Webster, P. 
commensalis Andrews, Prinospio plumosa 9 Treadwell, Ammotrypane maculata Web- 
ster, Glycera americana Leidy, G. dibranchiata Ehlers, Goniada oculata Treadwell, G. 
solitaria Webster, Antho stoma fragile Verrill, Pectinaria gouldii Verrill, Maldane elon- 
gata Verrill, Praxiothea torquata Leidy, Eupomatus dianthus Verrill, Terebella ornata 
Leidy, and Loima turgida Andrews. 
The European species, Lepidonotus squamatus, is widely distributed along the 
eastern coast of North America — from Canada to Virginia at least. In Chesapeake 
Bay it was found no farther north than the mouth of the Potomac River and in water 
of not less than 20.00 per mille salinity at the bottom. 10 This species which was most 
prevalent on sandy, shell, and gravel bottoms at Woods Hole (Sumner, Osburn, and 
Cole, 1913, p. 120) was found in regions of sand, shells, and mud in the Chesapeake and 
at depths ranging from 13 to 37 meters. It was collected on the July, December (1920) 
and January (1921) cruises in water whose temperature varied from 22.0° C. to 4.2° C. 
Lepidonotus variabilis seems to be less widely distributed so far as reports go, 
than L. squamatus. Apparently it has a more southerly range, having been reported, 
so far, from Virginia and North Carolina. In Chesapeake Bay it was found in several 
regions (depths 11 to 46 meters) from the mouth of the bay to the mouth of the 
Magothy River, near Baltimore. The salinities varied from 16.50 to 25.23 per mille. 
Some of our specimens were collected in muddy regions, but the observations of 
Andrews (1891) show that this species frequents shells, sponges, hydroids, etc., at 
Beaufort, N. C. This species was taken during the July, December (1920) and 
March-April (1921) cruises at water temperatures ranging from 21.9° to 10.3° C. 
The “scale-annelid,” Harmothoe aculeata which has been found in Beaufort, 
N. C., under stones and in sponges, by Andrews (1891) was taken in the lower part of 
Chesapeake Bay on several occasions, and once outside of the bay, in regions of sand 
or mainly sand and shells. The salinities ranged from 17.70 to 31.08 per mille. 
Specimens were captured during the July, August, and December cruises of 1920 in 
water whose temperature varied from 24.8° to 10.1° C. They were taken in depths 
from 8 to 28 meters and more. 
Paranaitis speciosa ( Anaitis speciosa ) has been reported from Massachusetts and 
New Jersey, where it was found on Mytilus beds and Diopatra tubes. Our dredging 
records show that it is common in Chesapeake Baj 7 , in regions where the bottom is 
firm. It was collected from a region extending from Baltimore to the mouth of the 
Rappahannock River, and was found frequenting shallow waters, ranging from 9 to 22 
meters in depth. It was taken during the July, October (1920), and January, 
March-April (1921) cruises in water of various temperatures, ranging from 23.5° C. 
to 1.3° C. 
The genus Nephthys is represented in Chesapeake Bay by three species, Neph- 
thys ingens, N. phyllocirra, and N. verrilli (the two latter European forms). Evi- 
dently they are not common species in the region investigated, since only one or two 
specimens of each were collected. 
» Named and described by Treadwell but still unpublished. 
10 The salinities mentioned in this section on the Annelida are those at the bottom. 
