DEVELOPMENT AND LIFE HISTORY OF FOURTEEN 
TELEOSTEAN FISHES AT BEAUFORT, N. C. 1 
By SAMUEL F. HILDEBRAND, Director, United States Fisheries Biological Station, Beaufort, 
N. C., and LOUELLA E. CABLE, Junior Aquatic Biologist, United States Bureau of Fisheries 
CONTENTS 
Page 
Introduction 384 
Methods 384 
Remarks 387 
Anchoviella epsetus (Bonnaterre) and 
Anchoviella mitchilli (Cuvier and Va- 
lenciennes) . Anchovies 388 
Economic importance 388 
Spawning 388 
Development of eggs and young 389 
Distinguishing characters 393 
Distribution of young 384 
Growth 394 
Food - 395 
Orthopristis chrysopterus (Linnaeus). 
Pigfish; hogfish 395 
Spawning 398 
Development of eggs and young 399 
Experiments in growing young pig- 
fish in captivity 407 
Age at sexual maturity 410 
Food 411 
Bairdiella chrysura (Lacdpede). White 
perch; sand perch 411 
Spawning 411 
Development of eggs and larvae 412 
Distribution of young 412 
Growth 413 
Food and feeding habits 415 
Leiostomus xanthurus, L a c 6 p e d e. 
Spot 416 
Spawning 417 
Descriptions of young 419 
Comparison of young spots and 
croakers-, 424 
Distribution of young 424 
Growth 424 
Age at sexual maturity and the span 
of life 429 
Food and feeding habits 430 
1 Submitted for publication, April 8, 1930. 
Page 
Micropogon undulatus (Linnaeus). 
Croaker; hardhead 430 
Spawning 433 
Descriptions of young 435 
Distinguishing characters among 
young Sciaenids 439 
Distribution of young 441 
Growth 441 
Age at sexual maturity 444 
Food and feeding habits 445 
Parexoccetus mesogaster (Bloch). Short- 
winged flyingfish 445 
Spawning and development of young. 446 
Distribution of young 448 
Cypselurus furcatus (Mitchill). Four- 
winged flyingfish 449 
Spawning 449 
Descriptions of young 449 
Distribution of young 452 
Decapterus punctatus (Agassiz). Scad; 
cigarfish; round robin 453 
Spawning 453 
Descriptions of young 454 
Distribution of young 457 
Seriola dumerili (Risso). Amberfish; 
rudderfish 458 
Spawning 459 
Descriptions of young 459 
Distribution of young 463 
Growth and food 464 
Paralichthys dentatus (Linnaeus) and 
Paralichthys albiguttus, Jordan and 
Gilbert. Summer flounder; southern 
flounder 464 
Spawning 469 
Descriptions of young 470 
Distribution of young 474 
Growth 475 
Food and feeding habits 476 
383 
