392 
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES 
edge extending from the anal base to the caudal fin. A definite invagination of the 
alimentary canal has not yet taken place as it remains loosely attached to the trunk. 
(Fig. 11.) 
Specimens 15.0 millimeters long.- — A somewhat further deepening of the body has 
taken place, although it is still much more slender than in the adult. The mouth 
remains terminal, but the gape now reaches well beyond the posterior margin of the 
eye, and the jaws are somewhat curved. The ventral fins first appear when the fish 
is about 13 millimeters long, 
- ----- ■ -•-inimm Mn ;'-v: M:t ! Mi #-- 
Figure 11 . — Anchoviella epsetus. From a specimen 9 millimeters long 
and they are quite well 
developed at a length of 15 
millimeters. The tail is 
now definitely homocercal 
Muscular rings are still evident, but 
and the notochord no longer remains visible, 
they are bent forward on the sides. Pigmentation remains essentially as it was at 
a length of 10 millimeters. However, in addition to the dark chromatophores on the 
chest and the ventral side of the body, extending backward from the base of the anal, 
there is now a considerable amount of dark pigment on the upper margin of the eye. 
The alimentary canal, anteriorly, is fairly definitely inclosed by the body wall. 
Posteriorly, however, 
the invagination is not 
complete. (Fig. 12.) 
Specimens 25.0 
millimeters long. — The 
differences between 
Figure 12 . — Anchoviella epsetus. From a specimen 17 millimeters long 
fish 15.0 and 25.0 millimeters in length are not great. The gradual deepening of 
the body has progressed slowly. A fish 25.0 millimeters long remains much more 
slender, however, than the adult, for the depth is contained about 8.0 times in the 
length to the base of the caudal fin, whereas in the adult the depth goes into the length 
about 4.5 times. The mouth is no longer strictly terminal, as it has become slightly 
inferior. The jaws, however, remain slightly curved; that is, the mouth is bent 
upward anteriorly. Pigmentation has progressed somewhat. A continuous dark 
line is present on the median ventral line, reaching from the gill covers to opposite 
the base of the 
sm&aaasia 
Figure 13. — Anchoviella epsetus. 
From a specimen 23.5 millimeters long 
pectorals. Two or 
three vertically 
elongate dark spots 
have appeared just 
behind the opercle, 
and in some specimens several other smaller and less definite dark spots are present. 
A row of about seven dark spots has developed near the ventral edge of the abdomen, 
between the pectoral and ventral fins. The dark chromatophores along the base of 
the anal and on the ventral line of the caudal peduncle remain, forming an almost 
continuous dark line posterior to the base of the anal. A few dark spots also have 
appeared at the base of the caudal and on the fin itself. The alimentary tract is 
now quite definitely inclosed in the body wall. (Fig. 13.) 
Specimens 35.0 millimeters long. — -The most pronounced change that has taken 
place since a length of 25.0 millimeters was reached is in the shape of the mouth 
which has become definitely inferior, very nearly horizontal, and the maxillary reaches 
