BLOOD OF FRESH-WATER MUSSELS 
513 
Table 2. — Individual specific gravity and pH data — Continued 
Date, species, and location 
Specific 
gravity 
pH 
Date, species, and location 
Specific 
gravity 
pH 
Yellow sand-shell (Lampsilis anodontoides), 
Lake Pepin mucket (Lampsilis siliquoidea 
canals from Rio Grande, Mercedes, Tex.: 
pepinensis), Lake Pepin, Minn.: 
Apr. 4, 1929 
1.0007 
8.0 
Jan. 3, 1930 _ 
1.0004 
7.9 
Apr. 22, 1929 
1. 0010 
8.0 
Do .. 
1. 0006 
7.9 
Apr. 16^ 1929. 
1. 0011 
8.3 
Jan. 8, 1930 
1. 0008 
7.9 
Mar. 10, 1930. 
1.0016 
8.0 
Jan. 6, 1930 
1. 0009 
7. 9 
Mar. 26, 1930. 
1.0018 
Apr. 1, 1929 
1. 0009 
7. 7 
Mar. 27, 1930. 
1. 0020 
7.9 
Dec. 17, 1929 
1.0012 
8. 0 
May 6, 1929 
1. 0024 
7.9 
Nov. 18, 1929 
1. 0012 
7. 7 
Mar. 25, 1930 
1. 0024 
June 4, 1929... 
1. 0015 
8. 1 
Mar. IQ’ 1930. 
1. 0024 
8.0 
Nov. 20, 1929 
1. 0016 
Feb. 21, 1930 
1. 0024 
May 20, 1929_ 
1. 0019 
8.3 
Feb. 24’ 1930 
1. 0026 
7.7 
Apr. 15, 1929 
1. 0020 
8. 0 
1. 0026 
8.0 
Jan. 6, 1930 
1. 0020 
7. 9 
Apr. 30, 1929 
1. 0035 
7.8 
Nov. 20, 1929_ 
1. 0020 
Mar. 17, 1930. 
1. 0036 
7.8 
Dec. 16, 1929 
1. 0022 
8.0 
Apr. 18,’ 1929 
1. 0049 
7.6 
Do 
1. 0023 
7.7 
M*ay 2, 1929. 
1. 0053 
7.7 
Oct. 4, 1929 
1. 0025 
1. 0003 
8. 1 
Oct. 9, 1929 
1. 0026 
7.8 
Apr. 26, 1929 
7.9 
Jan. 3, 1930 
1. 0026 
7.6 
Apr. 16, 1929 
7.9 
May 23, 1929 
1. 0026 
8.5 
May 29, 1929. . 
8.2 
Oct. 9, 1929 
1. 0026 
7.8 
Slough sand-shell (Lampsilis fallaciosa), Mis- 
Jan. 3, 1930 
1. 0027 
7.6 
sissippi River, Fairport, Iowa: 
May 20, 1929 . 
1. 0029 
8.2 
1 . 0007 
7.8 
June 7, 1929 . 
1. 0029 
7. 7 
July 31, 1929 .. 
1. 0015 
7.9 
Oct. 3, 1929 
1. 0035 
7. 6 
Aug. 10, 1929. 
1.0015 
8.1 
Oct. 1, 1929 
1. 0036 
7.9 
Aug. 19, 1929. 
1. 0015 
8.2 
Oct. 9, 1929 
1. 0038 
7.9 
Aug. 12^ 1929. ... 
1.0017 
8. 1 
Do 
1. 0041 
7.9 
Aug. 19, 1929. - 
1. 0017 
7.7 
Apr. 29, 1929 
1. 0052 
8.0 
1. 0017 
May 20, 1929 
1. 0078 
8. 1 
Aug. i, 1929 
1. 0018 
7.8 
Pocketbook (Lampsilis ventricosa), Mississippi 
Aug. 19, 1929 
1. 0019 
8.0 
River, Fairport, Iowa: 
1. 0019 
7.8 
July 5, 1929 
1. 0029 
8. 2 
Aug. 4, 1929 — 
1. 0019 
8.1 
River "mucket (Actinonaias carinata), Fox 
Aug. 13, 1929 
1.0020 
8.1 
River, Millington, 111.: 
Aug 5 1929 
1. 0021 
7.7 
May 7, 1929 
1. 0003 
8. 1 
1. 0021 
8. 1 
June 10, 1929. . 
1. 0015 
7.8 
Aug. 3, 1929 
1. 0022 
7.7 
Nov. 18, 1929 
1.0018 
8.0 
Aug. 15, 1929. 
1. 0022 
8. 1 
May 3, 1929 
1.0020 
8. 0 
1. 0022 
8.0 
Oct. 30, 1929 
1. 0020 
7. 7 
Aug. 29, 1929 .. 
1.0023 
7.9 
Apr. 1, 1929 
1. 0021 
8.5 
Aug. 16, 1929 
1. 0024 
8. 1 
Apr. 4, 1929 
1. 0021 
7.8 
Aug. 21, 1929 
1. 0025 
8. 1 
May 20, 1929 _ 
1. 0022 t 
8.3 
Aug 22, 1929 ... .. . 
1. 0025 
8. 1 
Oct. 4, 1929 
1. 0023 
7. 9 
Aui. 12, 1929. . 
1. 0026 
Oct. 30, 1929 
1. 0024 
7.9 
1. 0028 
8.0 
Apr. 11, 1929 
1. 0032 
7. 9 
1. 0029 
8.0 
Mar. 26, 1929 
1. 0034 
7. 9 
July 30, 1929 
1. 0032 
7.8 
Do 
1. 0039 
8. 4 
Aug 16, 1929 
1. 0036 
8. 2 
Oct. 28, 1929 
1. 0039 
7. 7 
Au|. 6, 1929 _ 
1.0037 
7.9 
Mar. 28, 1929 
1. 0043 
8. 2 
Aug. 21 , 1929 
1. 0038 
7.8 
Apr. 2, 1929 
8. 4 
Aui. 17» 1929 
1. 0055 
8.2 
Apr. 9, 1929 
7.8 
Table 3. — Comparison of specific gravity of the blood of fresh-water mussels with that of other bloods 
[All determinations made by the failing drop method] 
Species 
Common name 
Specific 
gravity 
average 
Num- 
ber of 
cases 
Locality 
Man -. .. 
1. 0550 
1. 0494 
1.0328 
1. 0271 
1. 0317 
1. 0260 
1. 0469 
1. 0185 
1. 0026 
Columbia, Mo. 
Do. 
North Judson, Ind. 
Do. 
Fairport, Iowa. 
Do. 
Do. 
Hahatonka, Mo. 
Mississippi and Rio Grande drainages. 
Street pigeon.. _ ... 
12 
7 
3 
1 
6 
6 
10 
145 
Bell’s painted turtle 
Rana pipiens 
Icthyobus cyprinella 
Ictalurus punctatus 
Lepisosteus platostomus. 
Cambarus virilis - 
Unionidae, 19 species 
Leopard frog 
Largemouth buffalo fish _ 
Spotted catfish 
Short-nosed gar 
Crawfish. 
Fresh-water mussels 
The corpuscles of the blood are of course an important factor in these comparisons 
of blood specific gravity. The blood of the fresh-water mussel does not contain 
pigmented, oxygen-carrying corpuscles of the red blood corpuscle type found in large 
numbers in the blood of vertebrates, although there are small numbers of amcebocytes 
or white blood corpuscles in the blood of fresh-water mussels. As the red blood 
