Harding et at.: Regional and seasonal patterns of epipelagic fish assemblages from the central California Current 
275 
Literature cited 
Ainley, D. G. 
1990. Seasonal and annual patterns in the marine 
environment near the Farallones. In Seabirds of the 
Farallon Islands: ecology, dynamics, and structure of 
an upwelling-system community (D. G. Ainley and R. 
J. Boekelheide, eds.), p. 23-50. Stanford Univ. Press, 
Stanford, CA. 
Anderson, M. J. 
2001. A new method for non-parametric multivariate 
analysis of variance. Austral Ecology 26:32-46. 
Anderson, M. J., R. N. Gorley, and K. R. Clarke. 
2008. PERMANOVA+ for PRIMER: guide to software and 
statistical methods, 214 p. PRIMER-E, Plymouth, U.K. 
Auth, T. D. 
2008. Distribution and community structure of ichthyo- 
plankton from the northern and central California Cur- 
rent in May 2004-06. Fish. Oceanogr. 17:316-331. 
Barth, J. A., B. A. Menge, J. Lubchenco, F. Chan, J. M. Bane, 
A. R. Kirincich, M. A. McManus, K. J. Nielsen, S. D. Pierce, 
L. Washburn. 
2007. Delayed upwelling alters nearshore coastal ocean 
ecosystems in the northern California current. Proc. 
Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104:3719-3724. 
Bjorkstedt, E. P, L. K. Rosenfeld, B. A. Grantham, Y. Shkedy, 
and J. Roughgarden. 
2002. Distributions of larval rockfishes Sebastes spp. 
across nearshore fronts in a coastal upwelling region. 
Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 242:215-228. 
Brodeur, R. D., J. P. Fisher, R. L. Emmett, C. A. Morgan, and 
E. Casillas. 
2005 Species composition and community structure of 
pelagic nekton off Oregon and Washington under vari- 
able oceanographic conditions. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 
298:41-57. 
Brodeur, R. D., J. P. Fisher, D. J. Teel, R. L. Emmett, E. Casillas, 
and T. W. Miller. 
2004. Juvenile salmonid distribution, growth, condition, 
origin, and environmental and species associations in 
the northern California Current. Fish. Bull. 102:25-46. 
Brodeur, R. D., W. G. Pearcy, and S. Ralston. 
2003. Abundance and distribution patterns of nekton 
and micronekton in the northern California Current 
transition zone. J. Oceanogr. 59:515-535. 
Brodeur, R. D., S. Ralston, R. L. Emmett, M. Trudel, T. D. Auth, 
and A. J. Phillips. 
2006. Anomalous pelagic nekton abundance, distribution, 
and apparent recruitment in the northern California 
Current in 2004 and 2005. Geophys. Res. Lett. 33, 
L22S08. doi:10.1029/2006GL026614. 
Clarke, K. R., and R. M. Warwick. 
2001. Change in marine communities: an approach to 
statistical analysis and interpretation, 2nd ed., 169 
p. PRIMER-E, Plymouth, U.K. 
Croll, D. A., B. Marinovic, S. Benson, F. P. Chavez, N. Black, 
R. Ternullo, and B. R. Tershy. 
2005. From wind to whales: trophic links in a coastal 
upwelling system. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 289:117-130. 
Davis, R. E. 
1985. Drifter observations of coastal surface currents 
during CODE: the method and descriptive view. J. 
Geophys. Res. 90:4741-4755. 
Ebert, T. A., and M. P. Russell. 
1988. Latitudinal variation in size structure of the 
west coast purple sea urchin: A correlation with head- 
lands. Limnol. Oceanogr. 33:286-294. 
Emmett, R. L., G. K. Krutzikowsky, and P. Bentley. 
2006. Abundance and distribution of pelagic piscivorous 
fishes in the Columbia River plume during spring/early 
summer 1998-2003: relationship to oceanographic con- 
ditions, forage fishes, and juvenile salmonids. Prog. 
Oceanogr. 68:1-26. 
Field, J. C., R. C. Francis, and K. Aydin. 
2006. Top-down modeling and bottom-up dynamics: Link- 
ing a fisheries-based ecosystem model with climate 
hypotheses in the northern California Current. Prog. 
Oceanogr. 68:238-270. 
Francis, R. C., M. A. Hixon, M. E. Clarke, S. A. Murawski, and 
S. Ralston. 
2007. Ten commandments for ecosystem-based fisheries 
scientists. Fisheries 32(51:217-233. 
Freon, P., P. Cury, L. Shannon, and C. Roy. 
2005. Sustainable exploitation of small pelagic fish stocks 
challenged by environmental and ecosystem changes: 
A review. Bull. Mar. Sci. 76:385-462. 
Fulton, E. A., A. D. M. Smith, and A. E. Punt. 
2005. Which ecological indicators can robustly detect 
effects of fishing? ICES J. Mar. Sci. 62:540-551. 
Gan, J., and J. S. Allen. 
2002. A modeling study of shelf circulation off north- 
ern California in the region of the Coastal Ocean 
Dynamics Experiment 2. Simulations and comparisons 
with observations. J. Geophys. Res. 107(C11), 3184, 
doi: 10. 1029/2001 JC001 190. 
Goericke, R., E. Venrick, A. Mantyla, R. Hooff, C. Collins, 
G. Gaxiola-Castro, S. J. Bograd, F. B. Schwing, W. T. Peterson, 
B. Marinovic, R. Durazo, A. Huyer, R. L. Smith, P. A.Wheeler, 
F. Chavez, N. Lo, K. D. Hyrenbach, W. J. Sydeman. 
2005. The state of the California Current, 2004-2005: 
Still cool? Calif. Coop. Ocean. Fish. Inves. Rep. 46: 
32-71. 
Graham, W. M., J. G. Field, and D. C. Potts. 
1992. Persistent “upwelling shadows” and their influence 
on zooplankton distributions. Mar. Biol. 114:561-570. 
Jahncke, J., B. L. Saenz, C. L. Abraham, C. Rintoul, R. W. Brad- 
ley, and W. J. Sydeman. 
2008. Ecosystem responses to short-term climate vari- 
ability in the Gulf of the Farallones, California. Prog. 
Oceanogr. 77:182-193. 
Jennings, S., M. J. Kaiser, and J. D. Reynolds. 
2001. Marine fisheries ecology. Blackwell Science, U.K. 
Kaplan, D. M., and J. Largier. 
2006. HF radar-derived origin and destination of surface 
waters off Bodega Bay, California. Deep-Sea Res., pt. 
II, 53:2906-2930. 
Keister, J. E., W. T. Peterson, and S. D. Pierce. 
2009. Zooplankton distribution and cross-shelf transfer 
of carbon in an area of complex mesoscale circulation 
in the northern California Current. Deep-Sea Res., 
pt. I, 56:212- 231. 
Largier, J. L. 
2004. The importance of retention zones in the disper- 
sal of larvae. In Aquatic protected areas as fisher- 
ies management tools, vol. 42 (J. B. Shipley, ed.), p. 
105-122. Am. Fish. Soc., Bethesda, MD. 
Largier, J. L., C. A. Lawrence, M. Roughan, D. M. Kaplan, E. P. 
Dever, C. E. Dorman, R. M. Kudela, S. M. Bollens, F. P. Wilker- 
son, R. C. Dugdale, L. W. Botsford, N. Garfield, B. Cervantes, 
and D. Koracin. 
2006. WEST: a northern California study of the role of 
