4 
WARD’S NATURAL SCIENCE BULLETIN. 
veal an interior of greenish Pumice. The rela- 
tions of these two Rock varieties to each other 
are manifold and interesting. Very curious, 
too, are the many colors and shades of the 
Obsidian, varying from jet black to sea-green, 
and all due, apparently, to the thickness of the 
mass and the way the light strikes it. Yery 
carefully must we walk among the swords and 
lances, hatchets, broadaxes, knives and sickles, 
which in one of these Obsidian patches have 
flaked oft’ and lie under foot to maim you. And 
very careful must you be in smiting the large 
blocks with your hammer. Indeed some of them 
seem to have cooled under some inward pres- 
sure which has left them a latent tension ; so that 
a single blow will start the apparently compact 
mass off into a thousand flakes and pieces. With 
all my care I ’had very bloody fingers before I 
got through the work. I had six men with me 
when I loaded at the patches with about 100 
pounds each. But as we neared the base of the 
mountain and entered the caves among the vine- 
yards, the nice blocks of shining Obsidian which 
crowned the fences in lieu of broken glass 
bottles, were so very tempting that I impressed 
into my service nearly a dozen of women and 
children, whom I loaded up with all they could 
carry. And so we came into town in the edge 
of the evening, a string of twenty people, each 
carrying on his or her head a basket or a big 
chunk of Obsidian. What a commotion did we 
make among those simple Liparotes, and how 
did they one and all rejoice in the kind fate 
which had brought a cash-distributing traveller 
to their midst, while I must sadly add that my 
heart’s inner chords were painfully touched at 
hearing later on the general vats outside my 
window that I was the biggest fool and the very 
daftest idiot to thus heap up over half a ton of 
the black rock, worth just nothing at all, and 
scarcely touching the Pumice which would bring 
nearly three cents a bushel. 
Yesterday I took a delightful walk across the 
island to the hot baths of San Caligero (cele- 
brated under a different name, by Diodorus 
Siculus), and to other hot-air baths, “stufe,” 
where the upper vapor will give you a nice 
sweat and the lower carbonic acid gas, will 
drop you as dead as that other dog in the Grotto 
del Cane, near Naples. 
Wonderful are the stone fences which you 
geologize as you go along. Pumice, Obsidian, 
Basalt, Lavas of all kinds, mostly trachytic 
Liparite (Rhyolite) Retinite, Pearlstones, Traps, 
Peperinos and other volcanic Ttffas. These 
fences are perfect petrographical museums, 
worth to Dr. Newberry $100 per rod, while I 
am convinced that Mr. Julien would simply go 
crazy at the lithological variety, and at once 
announce three more series of new slides — “16 
in each.” I found an old Liparote at work with 
his son in rolling into a ravine a great boulder 
which had slid from the hill above, and lodged 
in the road. I gave the boy a franc to go home 
for his donkey, and take a load of the Rhyolite 
back to the town, where he was to meet me in 
the evening. I believe that he thought me 
crazy; but as I paid him half (10 cents) in ad- 
vance he fell in eagerly with the arrangement. 
I myself went down to the shore and took a 
little boat, which carried me back around the 
west end of the island. The geological sections 
given along the shore were most grand and 
instructive. For several miles there were cliffs 
from fifty to one hundred and fifty feet high of 
loose volcanic rubble in beds alternating with 
sheets of lava overflow. It was very interesting 
to see how these two formations, so different in 
origin, imitated each other in general appear- 
ance. For the beds of rubble brought down by 
floods from the higher parts of the island were 
all of volcanic fragments violently sorted by the 
waters into finer parts which had subsequently 
hardened and cemented together, and into coars- 
er pieces, which latter fell out into the sea (from 
the cliff section), leaving hundreds of small 
caves. And in the igneous volcanic sheets there 
wei*e also great flow-holes or caverns, lined all 
around with red and black scoriae, while the rest 
of the mass was all quite loose, and filled with 
lightly attached globular masses. Thus the 
whole rudely copied, and in all its detail was 
copied by, the sedimentary beds which alter- 
Besides the large stock of minerals' men- 
tioned from which we sell individual specimens, 
we prepare THREE SYSTEMATIC COL- 
LECTIONS, with descriptive catalogues, as 
follows: 
The COLLEGE COLLECTION, which contains 
every requisite, even to a series of 50 Crystal 
Models, for a thorough illustration of the science of 
Mineralogy. All the important species and their 
varieties are well represented in choice, hand- 
some specimens, neatly labeled and mounted, 
and accompanied by a special descriptive cata- 
logue of 39 pages. Price, securely packed and 
delivered at freight office in Rochester, $250. 
The ACADEMY COLLECTION, though nu- 
merically not so rich, has really nothing of im- 
portance omitted. Thus, in the classification 
adopted, the Elements are represented by 8 
specimens; the Sulphides and allied compounds 
by 14 j Chlorides , etc. , 6 ; Oxides , J$ ; Silicates , 
64; Phosphates, etc., 8; Sulphates, 10 ; Carbon- 
ates, 18; Hydrocarbons, 10 — in all 180 specimens, 
well representing the relative importance pf the 
different divisions. Each specimen in this, as 
in the other collections, is mounted on a separate 
black-walnut block, to which is attached a 
printed label giving name, Dana’s species num- 
ber, system of crystallization, chemical formula 
and locality. In the case of single detached 
crystals, these are mounted on appropriate brass 
holders fixed in the block. Each specimen fur- 
ther bears a number by which it is described 
in the twenty-five pages of descriptive text ac- 
companying the collection. This collection will 
be seen to answer the purpose admirably for 
Normal Schools and Academies. Price, packed, 
$ 100 . 
The COLLECTION FOR UNION SCHOOLS 
and Amateurs is in no wise to be confounded 
with some fragment-gatherings miscalled school 
cabinets, its specimens averaging very nearly, in 
size and beauty, those of the collections previ- 
ously noted. The difference in price between 
it and the preceding collection is due mainly to a 
decrease in number; while in all such specimens 
as are required in elementary teaching, and with 
which every well-informed person is supposed 
to be acquainted, it is not lacking. 
These cabinets have all been planned with a 
direct and distinct regard Jo what wasjequired 
in collections of the kind, and not from what 
material happened to be in stock, without 
thought ; as Jo what was needful. We think 
this will be apparent to those consulting our 
different catalogues, j^wliere all details will be 
found. 
In addition to these, our standard collections 
with catalogues, we prepare smaller and cheaper 
collections, as well as larger ones, of any desired 
extent. 
We offer an extra fine Cabinet of Minerals of our 
largest and choicest specimens for $4,000. 
PHYSICAL AND STRUCTURAL 
SERIES. 
In addition to the individual Minerals and the 
Systematic Collections above mentioned, we have 
prepared various special series of specimens 
to illustrate the Physical and Structural Prop- 
erties of Minerals: 
Lustre, Color, Diaphaneity, Fusibility. Specific 
Gravity, Hardness , State of Aggregation, Fracture, 
Structure, External Form. 
We also offer suites of CRYSTAL MODELS of 
various sizes, in solid glass; in plate glass (with 
axes and angles shown by colored threads); in 
wood (some revolving to show combinations); and 
in plaster (white or with colored faces). 
nated. The lowermost of these volcanic beds — 
quite at the water’s edge, — was a compact basalt, 
quite fully prismatic in character, and showed 
in a delightful way how in the consolidation — 
pressure from all parts — of basalt, the sphere has 
changed into the prism, only remaining and 
revealing itself in the rounded ends of each of 
the joints or lengths into which the prism is 
broken. As we got further to the westward our 
shoreline cut successively through three old 
craters. Two of these it took near the periph- 
ery, showing well in the section how those 
cones at least were made by piled-up material, 
not by upheaval. The third section came almost 
exactly across the middle of the cone, and 
showed in a beautiful way at the bottom of the 
crater (some thirty feet above the sea-level) the 
chimney through which the old volcano was 
fed, and how all the material which filled it 
when its last ejections ceased was bleached to a 
yellowish white by subsequent acid vapors which 
had discharged all the red and black colors. 
Further on are cliffs, six hundred feet high, of a 
fine sandy marl whose strata stand nearly verti- 
cal. Between their fine layers are nicely pre- 
served fossil leaves of aquatic plants. Further 
on our boat passed in the deliciously clear water 
over a flow of red and black lava, bristling as if 
upon the land, and a flat patch of white Pumice, 
all spread out at the bottom of the sea for the 
instruction of the fishes. In short, this boat trip 
around Lipari is simply a delightful one, where, 
both in the cliffs and on the sea bottom, Pluto 
and Neptune have each provided for you a rich 
geological feast. I hardly knew who to wish 
with me: Werner or Hutton; Dr. Newberry or 
Sterry Hunt. (To be concluded.) 
The following are the most recent additions to 
our general list of Rocks : 
Argillite, . . . Tasmania. 
Bombs, Volcanic, Auckland, New Zealand. 
Concretions, _ Victoria, Australia. 
Diorite, - Launceston, Tasman ia. 
Granite, Red Syenitic, Victoria, Australia. 
Greenstone,.. New Caledonia. 
Lava, Cellular,. .Auckland, New Zealand. 
Obsidian, Mayor Island, New Zealand. 
Sandstone, New Zealand. 
Serpentine, Launceston, New Zealand. 
Trachyte, Porphyritic,. .Auckland, N. Zealand. 
Arquerite, the silver amalgam (Ag 12 Hg), 
first brought to light and analyzed by Domeyko, 
has hitherto been confined to Chili. We are now 
in receipt of specimens from a new locality — Vital 
Creek, British Columbia — which we can furnish 
at from 50 cents to $2.00 each. An analysis of 
the mineral from this locality yielded 
Silver, 86.15 
Mercury, 11.90 
Silica,. 45 
98.50 
GEOLOGICAL CHARTS AND 
PICTURES. 
We have geological charts of all kinds. We 
would call particular attention to the CHART 
OF GEOLOGICAL TIME, prepared by Mr. 
Howell, for the U. S. Geological Survey. In 
this Chart the strata of the different States of the 
Union, Canada and Europe, are correlated, and 
approximate thicknesses given, the whole so 
arranged as to show at a glance to what Epoch, 
Period, Age and Era they belong. Size, 3x4 ft. 
Price, mounted with black walnut roller, $2. 
Also, a series of sixteen Lithographic Pictures 
of IDEAL geological landscapes, by Dr. Unger. 
Size 19x24 inches; price of set, nicely boxed and 
framed, $70. 
Restoration of Extinct Animals, by B. 
Waterhouse Hawkins. Size 2 ft. 6 in. x 3 ft. 3 in. 
Price of this famous set of six pictures, nicely 
framed, $60. 
