130 
FROM THE CIMMERIAN BOSPORUS, 
CHAI\ 
hi. 
another antient boundary or vallum ; and here 
we discerned the traces of turrets that were 
battle with the dogs, obtained a lodging. I have forgotten its name. 
The next day we found several patehes of cultivation, and the country 
improving, though still full of ruins. On our right hand lay the Sea 
of Asoph ; and on our left the Black Sea was now visible. A ruinous 
mosque was before us. We found, on inquiry, that our driver had 
mistaken his way ; that we had passed the turn to Kntfa, and were in 
the road to Karasubazar. Kaffa now lay on our left hand ; and pre- 
sents a most dismal prospect as it is approached on the side. There 
is a striking ruin on the north-east point of the bay, which was for- 
merly a mint ; and the walls and towers, though dismantled, are very 
fine. The tower rises like a theatre from the water’s edge, and is of 
considerable extent, but almost entirely ruinous. On the land side it 
is defended by a high wall, with loop-holes and battlements : the loop- 
holes communicate with a sort of gallery', and are contrived in the 
thickness of the wall, with large internal arches, which give it the ap- 
pearance of an aqueduct. These arches support the upper walk and 
parapet. The towers are semicircular. On one of them, in which is a 
gateway, are many shields with armorial bearings, not much defaced, 
which ascertain the Genoese to have been its founders. There arc 
some noble Mohammedan baths entire, but now converted into 
warehouses ; many ruined mosques ; and one which is still in good 
order, though little used. There are also the remains of several 
buildings, which, by their form, and position east and west, appear to 
have been churches. Turkish and Armenian inscriptions abound ; but 
I could find, in several days’ search, no vestige which I could rely on as- 
having belonged to the antient Theodosia. (Sec p. 150, and Note.) 
The north-west quarter of the town is peopled by Karaite Jews, and 
the narrow bazar nearest the water swarms with those of Europe. These 
arc the two most populous parts of the town. There are some Arme- 
nians, but not exceeding thirty families, and hardly any Tahtars. The 
remainder of the population consists of the garrison, five or six Italian 
and German merchants, (no French when we were there,) and some 
miserable French and Suabian emigrants. General Faushaw has con- 
structed a very' good quay ; and by pulling down some ruinous buildings, 
and a part of the wall, has made a good cut from the north, which 
he has planted with trees. They were building a very large and con- 
venient place of quarantine. I could find no aqueduct ; nor did there 
appear any need of one, as there are many beautiful springs bursting 
i out 
