CAFFA.' 
151 
Upon the elevated territory above the Tali tar 
city, close to the walls of the old Armenian 
fortress, is a circular building, very like certain 
ruined edifices upon the coast of Bain, near to 
Naples. It is now a ruin ; but, in taking down 
a part of the stucco loosely adhering to the 
wall, there appeared a beautiful inferior co- 
vering of coloured plaster; resembling the 
stucco discovered in Pompeii, and in Herculaneum . 
The Armenians, who had probably converted 
subsequent Note, that the ruins of Stara Crim are those of Theodosia. 
Arrian calls Theodosia the deserted city. The same expression is re- 
peated in theanonymous Periplus, taken from the writings of Scymnus 
Chius, Marcianos, and others. Vossius (Annot. in Peripl. Anon, 
p. 143,) says, “ Theodosia Caffa vocari creditur, sed male; distingmmt 
enimrbv K v.<puv Grocci posteriores A Theodoxid, .” Also another author, 
“ Censet lumen ( Le Quien, Orbis Christian, tom. 111 . p. 1 103,) IJo- 
minus Sansoti 7’heodosiam fuisse olim, qute nunc Tosha appellator; 
Caffam vero fuisse Chavum, ubi Tauro-Scytharum portus, et crcvisse ex 
Theodosia minis, ft qud triginta milliaribus distal." Strabo {lib. vii.) 
mentions X*So», as one of the three fortresses built by Scilurus and 
his sons against the generals of Mithradates. Oderico, [l.ctt . higust. 
P- 149,) who has adduced several authorities tending to prove a distinc- 
tion between the two places, leaves the question undetermined. He 
thinks the name or Guvlima, was giveu by the Milesians, 
signifying “ The Gift of God.” Leucon, king of the Bosporians, 
sent from Theodosia to Athens two millions one hundred thousand 
medimni of corn ; and, according to Demosthenes, the imports from 
that place were greater than from all the other countries put together. 
After the taking of &{ffa by the Turks, in the reign of Mohammed the 
Second, 1474, the Genoese colonies in the /Hack Sea successively fell, 
and were annihilated. In 1672, the commerce was entirely lost, and 
the Thracian Bosporus shut to foreign vessels. This trade did not 
revive, until the victories gained byCATHERiNK the Second ( Formaleoni , 
c - 23,) a century afterwards, opened it once more. 
CHAP. 
IV. 
