155 
TO THE CAPITAL OF THE CRIMEA. 
covered with antient stucco, coloured in dis- 
temper. Such a style of architecture is seen ' — „ — 
in those buildings which are vulgarly called 
temples of Venus and Diana , at Baia in Italy ; 
and which were originally public baths belonging 
to that fashionable watering-place of the antient 
Romans' 1 . The ceremonies, the uses, and abuses 
of the bath, were so generally adopted, and 
prevailed with so little alteration among the 
antient Heathens, that there is reason to believe 
they were invariably practised by the inhabitants 
of Greece , Italy , and more Oriental countries’. 
(2) The pipes and steam-channels existed in the year 1793. In the 
bath called the Temple of Venus , every appearance corresponded with 
the public baths of the Eastern empire. At the conquest of Constan- 
tinople by the Turks , its conquerors preserved the sumptuous baths 
found in the city, and these to this day offer a model of the edifices at 
Bata. 
(3) These observations, made upon the spot, were the result of a con- 
viction upon the author’s mind that the ruins at Stara Crim are those of 
an antient Grecian city. He found it impossible to reconcile the anti- 
quities of that place with the ordinary style of Tahtarian or of Turkish 
architecture; and has been induced, by the extract cited in Note (1), to 
consider those remains as denoting the situation of Theodosia ; a city 
ruined anterior to the age of Arrian. The Legate Broniovius does not 
seem to have entertained this opinion ; but has identified the situation of 
Stara Crim (a name implying the Old Crim) with that of TapUra ; placed 
by some Writers upon the isthmus of the Peninsula, where there are no 
appearances answering to his description. It is evident, however, that his 
observations apply to these ruins. The words of Broniovius are as follow : 
“ Cremum, seu ut a Tartaris Crimum dicitur, civitas et arx muro anti- 
quissimo, maximo ac prealto, magnitudine ac eelebritate reliquis civita- 
tibus Tauricce, Chersonesi mediterranean, (nam Ttolemaeus ita nomiont) 
admodiim 
