SECTION OF KINNEKULLE. — LOWER SILURIAN ON GNEISS. 
15 * 
S' re y, whitish and fine-grained, in parts freckled with ferruginous stains, and 
assumes, at intervals, a quartzose character, with divisions of chloritic shale. Its 
lowest beds, or those which, as we shall presently show, rest upon the adjacent 
gneiss of the valleys, are not here visible, owing to a talus of detritus, but in those 
which are visible, we found branching, fucoid-like bodies. This sandstone is, in 
fact, seen to constitute the prevalent base of all the Silurian strata, and in the hill 
°f Kinnekulle is surmounted, first, by the black alum schist and limestone ; next 
y red Orthoceratite limestone; and, lastly, by Graptolite schists with some 
calcareous courses and Orthoceratites. Though irregularly denuded over a very 
considerable area, the Orthoceratite limestone (c) of the following woodcut occu- 
pies a prominent step on the sides of the plateau, and standing out high above 
t ie surrounding gneiss, is in its turn covered by black schists ( d ), through which 
a point of basaltic trap (t) has pierced, occupying only a small upper portion of 
t ie central part of the tract. In descending from this summit (whereon a few 
northern erratics occur), we w^ere much struck with the perfect symmetry of the 
Lower Silurian beds. To the north, or on the side of the Wenern lake, the 
crystalline and gneissose rocks being in a depression, the fucoid sandstone 
ranges down to the water-edge, surmounted by the alum-slates, but as you pass 
o\ei the hill of Kinnekulle to the hamlet of Liet, upon its south-eastern face, 
ie gneiss is again seen to present exactly the same inferior relations to the 
ower sandstone as on the western side. At this spot, as here represented, the 
section is much more clear and explicit. The Orthoceratite limestone (c) is 
s n mgly developed by extensive quarries, which form the first great steppe-like 
N. HILL OF KINNEKULLE. 1*. 
