CONTENTS. 
XXI 
and Aralo-Caspian. — Older Tertiary or Eocene deposits on the Dnieper and the Volga. — 
Miocene Oceanic deposits of South Poland, Podolia, Bessarabia, &c. — Aralo-Caspian 
or brackish water Accumulations, and their enormous Eastern range from the borders of the 
Black Sea and Sea of Azof, through the Crimaea to the shores of the Caspian and Aral Seas, 
and into the plateaux of Khwarezm in Asia. — More recent desiccation of the Caspian in the 
Lower Steppes of the Volga and the Caucasus. — -Northern extension of a former Caspian.- — - 
Oceanic deposits in the Ust-Urt. — General Reflections on the Aralo-Caspian deposits and their 
desiccation at two periods. — Raised Sea-Bottoms of the North of Russia in the Valleys of the 
Dwina and Petchora. Conclusion of Part I. 281 
PART II. 
the URAL MOUNTAINS AND TIMAN RANGE, SUPERFICIAL DEPOSITS OF RUSSIA, 
AND CONCLUSION. 
CHAPTER XIV. 
THE URAL MOUNTAINS. 
Introductory Remarks.-General Sketch of the Ural Mountains— Difficulties opposed to their com- 
plete exploration.— The colonized or Russian portion of the Chain the chief object of the present 
ork. Prevalent physical features.— Practicable routes and navigable streams.— Zavods or 
ines, and their inhabitants. Maps and Sections. — Method of developing our geological 
views (see Maps VI. and VII., and Coloured Sections, PI. II. III. IV.) 337 
CHAPTER XV. 
NORTH URAL OF THE MINERS. 
General View of the Geological Structure of the Ural— First transverse Section of the Ural Moun- 
tains and their Dependencies, by the Route from Perm to Ekaterinburg, with an Account of the 
Eruptii e Phenomena and Mineral Springs of Nijny Sergiefsk. — Continuation of the transverse 
Section along the Banks of the Issetz, from Ekaterinburg to Kaltchedansk in Siberia. — Sketch 
of the region North of Ekaterinburg. — Character of the Rocks around the Zavods of Neviansk 
and Nijny Tagilsk. Magnetic Iron Ore. — Malachite. — General views (see Map, PI. VII., and 
Coloured Sections, PI. II.) 350 
CHAPTER XVI. 
NORTH URAL OF THE MINERS — {continued). 
Environs of Kushvinsk and Mount Blagodat. — Transverse Section from thence across the Chain to 
Serebriansk. — Descent of the River Serehrianka to its mouth. — Descent of the Tchussovaya 
from Ust-Serebriansk to Ust-Koiva. — Devonian and Carboniferous Rocks. — Transverse Section 
across the Ural from Ust-Koiva by Bissersk, Chrestovodsvisgensk and the Katchkanar, to Tu- 
nnsk and Verkhoturie— Environs of Bogoslofsk with Sections of Silurian and Devonian Rocks, 
with Eruptive Rocks, Mineral Masses, &c— Descent of the River Kakva.— Conclusion (see 
Map, PI. YU., and Coloured Sections, PI. II.) 
378 
