60 
UPPER DEVONIAN ROCKS AT LICHVIN, KRAPIVNA, ETC. 
same minute Cytherince which occur near Bielef and at Kipet, together with the 
characteristic shell, Leptana productoides (Murch. ) , induce us to consider these 
beds as part also of the uppermost member of the Devonian system ; and we the 
more adhere to this belief, since we are unacquainted with any series of strata re- 
sembling them in the nunieious well-known sections of the carboniferous strata 
of Russia. Among the othei fossils of this locality, we may cite Lepteena arcuata 
(nob.), a species appioaching to L, sarcinulata, so common in the carboniferous 
rocks of this country , tw r o species of 1 erebratula, the one resembling T. concen- 
tricci, the other T. seminula (Phill.) ; Spirifer muralis ?, Spirifer near to 8. glaber, 
with fragments ol Modiola, Orthoceratites, and Syringopora ? &c. 
Devonian Rocks upon the Don. — The most southern point at which w r e observed . 
any rocks of this age upon the river Don is near the village of Pietina. At the junc- 
tion of the river Vorona with the Don, a few sandy, calcareous, fossiliferous flag- 
stones, of a few feet thickness only, are overlaid by reddish, ferruginous sandstone, 
and finally by siliceous sands, which towards their lower part contain courses of 
blackish clay. These last-mentioned sands, like others to which we shall afterwards 
allude, and which equally overlie the Devonian rocks in the Oka, may possibly 
belong to the greensand of the Cretaceous system. Blocks of quartz rock with 
sands, form the cap of all these strata near Pietina. 
The Devonian strata near Voroneje are, however, best seen on the left bank of 
the little stream Devitza, on the sides of a ravine where they are arranged in the 
following order : — 
Calcareous, shelly flagstone, loaded with fossils 
Red clay or marl 
Yellowish sands 
Whitish and red spotted clays and marl, forming the base 
Feet. 
7 
1 
10 
20 
the whole covered by reddish- coloured drift and black earth. 
The calcareous flags at this spot have furnished us with a greater number of cha- 
racteristic fossils than the beds of any other locality in Russia. They not only abound 
in species published as Devonian types from the Boulonnais, the Eifel, and Devon- 
shire, but also contain the remains of ichthyolites — and all this in a thickness of 
about seven feet ! Among the most characteristic published 1 shells are Spirifer Ver- 
neuilii, Productus caperatus, Leptcena Dutertrii, Terebratula aspera ; and among the 
new forms are Spirifer Anosoffi (nob.), Leptcena Fischerii (nob.), L. asella (nob.). 
1 Murchison on the Boulonnais, Bulletin de la Soeiete Geol. tie France, vol. xi. p. 255. 
