CHAPTER VII. 
CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS ON THE WESTERN FLANK OF THE 
URAL MOUNTAINS. 
Section on the hanks of the river Tchussovaya, showing a passage from Carboniferous 
Limestone, through Millstone-grit and Coal to overlying Conglomerate, Calcareous 
Grits, 8fc . — Section from Nijni-Serginsk to Sarana, exhibiting Goniatite Grits 
overlying Carboniferous Limestone. — Bands of Carboniferous Limestone near Sterli- 
tamak. — Prolongation of Carboniferous Limestone along the South Ural and as- 
cending Section from it through Goniatite Flags and Grits into Permian Deposits. 
— Review of the Organic Remains of the Carboniferous System. 
HaVING detailed the succession of the Carboniferous strata in the northern and 
central paits of Russia, it might appear desirable to pass at once to the considera- 
tion of the next group in the ascending series. Believing, however, that the region 
to which we now call attention, contains within it certain peculiar upper beds of 
the Carboniferous epoch, not seen in other parts of Russia, we think that by de- 
scribing them, we shall best convey a clear idea of the transition to the superior 
deposits or Permian rocks, the history of which is to occupy the two following 
chapters. 
In a subsequent sketch of the Ural Mountains the carboniferous rocks will again 
come frequently under consideration, both as respects their relations to the lower 
formations, and the lithological changes they have undergone by plutonic action. 
Our present purpose is briefly to explain their structure and position in the country 
composed of the hilly grounds to the west of the Ural ridge, and to show how they 
dip under and are connected with the next overlying or Permian deposits. 
By looking over the Map the reader will perceive, that towards the central 
portion of the Ural, the carboniferous limestone is divided for a considerable 
distance into two bands, one of which (the eastern or main zone) follows the sinu- 
