128 
GRITS, SANDSTONE AND GONIATITE GRITS. 
Though these beds are apparently horizontal when viewed in one section, they are, 
in fact, subject to considerable undulations, as may be seen about three versts 
from Gorodok, where they rise into a dome. 
Ihe same formation of grey grit (often a calcareous, yellow sandstone, with some 
shale and pebbly conglomerate) occurs on the sides of the high road from Kongur 
to Ekaterinburg. Flagstones and yellow sandstones with shale are seen near Yel- 
hm, where there are many impressions of plants, among others the Catamites 
remotus (Brong.). Between the post-stations of Bisserskaya and Klinova, the 
sandstones are succeeded by conglomerates composed of pebbles of quartz, felspar, 
and Lydian stone, with fragments of ancient fossiliferous limestone in a base of 
calciferous grit. These beds repose upon the same series of siliceous sandstone 
and carboniferous limestone which has been described upon the Tchussovaya. 
In fact, the overlying calcareous grits and conglomerates of which we are now 
speaking, are all members of the same group, which here occupies a wide and 
undulating trough, having the carboniferous limestone on either flank. 
It is by following these strata to the south, viz. to the banks of the river Ufa 
and its tributaries, that we are best enabled to test their precise age, by finding 
them charged with characteristic fossils. 
Section from the flank of the Ural at Nijni Sergin.sk to Sarana . — The traveller 
who follows our course, and descending from the western flanks of the Ural by 
Nijni Serginsk, directs his course towards Artinsk, traverses in the first instance 
a calcareous country of obscure relations. He will find one band of limestone 
(the red colour and No. 2. of our Map), charged with Devonian and Eifel fossils, 
thrown into reversed positions, like others to which we shall advert in our de- 
scription of the Ural Mountains, whereby the younger beds are, in fact, bent 
under those of more ancient date,— a common phenomenon on the flank of 
eruptive chains. Leaving these picturesque Devonian limestones at the Zavod of 
Michaelofslc and crossing the Ufa, a band of crystalline carboniferous limestone 
is seen, and immediately above it are horizontal beds of a grit similar to that which 
has been described. We would here, however, observe that this tract is replete 
with rocks of intrusive character, and that sandstones, which we believe to be of 
the same age as the millstone grit before described, appear near Nijni Serginsk in 
the form of altered quartzose rocks, which will be described in the sequel. The 
overlying calcareous grit is highly fossiliferous, and contains Producti and corals 
Occasionally, indeed, it passes into a very coarse conglomerate, made up of sili- 
