SAURIANS, ETC. OF THESE SECTIONS. 
155 
2 5 . 
N. 
S. Plateau of Karlinsld. 
a. Shale and calcareous flagstone, with Productus Cancrini and other fossils overlaid by and subordinate to grey sandstone and grit (b). — c. Thin- 
beddcd white marlstonc passing to tufaceous limestone. — d. Yellowish calcareous shelly beds, ten to fifteen inches thick, with white, red and green- 
coloured marls. These beds break into large rhombs or septarian masses, and the separating fissures are filled with shale. The chief bed is made up of a 
multitude of broken shells, and is divided from the marlstonc above and below by a thin pellicle of shale. In the overlying marlstoncs arc Unios or 
Amnions, with stems of fossil plants. — e. White marlstoncs of great thickness.—/. Dingy red mid green incoherent sands, with some green marl and 
a little copper. — g. White marlstonc with red and green argillaceous marl or shale. This section gives the details on the cast side or left bank of the 
little rivulet Karla, which flowing from the plateau of Karlinski, falls into the Kidash, but he who passes even to the west side of this puny brook will 
find very different beds at similar levels. Thus, towards the summit on the west of the Karla, red sandstone, copper ore, grit and conglomerate abound 
adjacent to and in the very same horizon as the marlstone, &c. on the east bank. 
at the mine of Klutchefskoi, in the arrondissement of Bielebei, forty versts south- 
east of the river Dwina, and near the village of Kargola. In the opinion of Pro- 
fessor Owen, to whom we have submitted specimens from these localities, the 
bones from near Troitsk, probably humeri, unquestionably belong to Thecodont 
Saurians, and are more closely allied to the Thecodontosaurus (Riley and Stutch- 
bury), discovered in the dolomitic conglomerate of Bristol, than any known fossils. 
This analogy is, indeed, still more strongly supported by the more characteristic 
and better preserved jaw of the Rliopalodon, which approaching very near to the 
species of Bristol, is quite distinct, in Professor Owen’s estimation, from the 
Cylindricodon of Jager, which belongs to the Trias. 
These conglomerates and grits with fossil wood and copper, occasionally contain 
quartz pebbles as big as turkeys’ eggs, imbedded in a cement which is essentially 
the same as the grey grits of Perm, occasionally a little calcareous ; and in the de- 
tailed sections, where the mines are much worked, they overlie grey and green shale 
with some plants and coal. 
Believing that most of the phenomena are to be explained by inosculations and 
undulations, as expressed in the coloured section (PI. II. fig. 1.), still we are not 
prepared to say, that the tract we are now speaking of, and which has been de- 
scribed in detail by Major Von Qualen, is entirely void of faults. The very section 
1 When we were in this district none of the shells of the limestone had been found in the same beds 
with the Saurian bones, but subsequently our friend Major Wangenheim Von Qualen has detected them 
in intimate association, thus leaving no doubt that all these strata belong to one geological epoch. 
