MIDDLE TERTIARY OR MIOCENE. 
289 
formis (Lam.), Crassatella sulcata (Sow.), Turrilella edita (Sow.), together with 
several unpublished forms of Venericardia, Lucina, Venus, &c. 
In citing these species, we should not have relied upon our own powers of iden- 
tifying fossil shells from a distant part of Russia with forms well known in England, 
had we not been supported by Mr. James Sowerby, who is intimately acquainted 
with the fossils of the London clay, and who, in addition to those which he recognises 
as decidedly the same species published in his ‘ Mineral Conchology,’ has assured 
us, that an unpublished Venericardia which we brought from Antipofka, occurs at 
Barton in the Hampshire cliffs. We may add to this zoological evidence, that 
there is a remarkable lithological agreement between the Russian and English beds, 
for in their concretionary nature and matrix, these shelly beds of Antipofka are 
really undistinguishable from the musses of the Bognor rocks in which the very same 
shells occur. 
We have previously 7 expressed an opinion (see p. 276 and woodcut) respecting 
the relations of these lower tertiary beds to the chalk and cretaceous strata in their 
immediate vicinity. We repeat our belief, that the shelly beds of Antipofka 
are connected with the white chalk in the manner represented in that woodcut, 
viz. by sands and grits which occupying an intermediary place, may in their 
lower members be classed with the cretaceous rocks, whilst their upper parts gra- 
duate into the lower tertiary rocks under consideration. A great portion, therefore, 
of the sandstones, which are exhibited in the cliffs of the Volga below Antipofka, and 
extending by Tzaritzin to Sarepta, are probably of the older tertiary period. 
It is also well to observe, that the inferences we have drawn from the structure 
of this part of Russia, of a passage from the Cretaceous to the Tertiary system 
(p. 276 et seq.), appear to be sustained by the independent testimony of M. Du- 
bois and of M. Huot 1 , concerning the succession, structure and contents of the 
upper secondary and lower tertiary rocks of the Crimsea, though neither of 
these authors seem to be of our opinion concerning a passage or transition, 
which, indeed, we suggested long ago in reference to that tract 2 . They state, 
however, that in a tract full of dislocations, cretaceous rocks having a peculiar 
mineral character, are conformably overlaid by a series of beds charged with Num- 
mulites and other shells, which, by M. Dubois, are grouped with the chalk ; by 
■ Voyage en Caucase, en Armcnie, la Cringe, etc., par F. Dubois, vol. v. and Voyage dans la Russie 
Mfaidionale et la Crimee sous la direction de M. A. Demidoff, par M. Huot, vol. ii. The fast of these authors 
has ascertained the existence of true Eocene (Paris and London) shells in the tertiary basin of Akhalt- 
sikhe in Armenia ! See Von Buch, Bull, de la Soc. Geol. de France, vol. vii. p. 157. 
4 See Mem. de la Soc. Geol. de France, vol. iii. p. 25. 
