UPPER SILURIAN AND “ DOMANXK ” OF THE TIMAN. 
413 
the Ural Mountains, the Timan range may almost be regarded as a branch of the 
latter. When, however, the reader casts his eye over the Map, he will perceive 
that the direction of this line of mounts coincides rather with that ol the crystalline 
masses of Lapland and of the north-eastern edge of the Scandinavian coast, and is 
strongly divergent to the main axis of the Ural. But besides this, none of the 
rocks of the Timan, whether sedimentary or eruptive, have the Uralian impress. 
On the contrary, they possess the lithological characters of the rocks of Russia in 
Europe, and we therefore conclude, that they must rather be regarded as one of the 
Finnish and Lappish elevations, like those near Petrozovodsk, lor example, to 
which we have previously alluded, than a trifurcating branch of the Ural. 
In some spots near the glacial sea, we have even seen a portion of the Tinian 
ridge assume the contour and character of the Scandinavian rocks, exhibiting 
rounded and flat domes of rose-coloured granite, in which schorl replaces mica. 
This rock forms, in fact, the promontory of Rumenishni-nos, and is flanked to the 
east by argillaceous schists, which strike from west 22° north to east 22° south, 
and plunge rapidly towards the north. The schists occupy the cape of Barmin-mis, 
and are there pierced by greenstones (diorites), which derange their dip. Argil- 
laceous and micaceous schists also constitute an elevated mural mass along the 
peninsula of Kanin ; and, according to M. Ruprecht the botanist, and the natives, 
the same rocks are prolonged in the direction of the Timan range, i.e. fromMikul- 
kin-mis to Kanin-nos. This fact therefore shows, that in the parallel extending 
from 68° to 69° north latitude, the axis of this chain trends more westerly, and 
conforms to the outline of Russian Lapland. Near the centre of the range we learnt, 
that the heights from whence the river Vim descends, are also composed of similar 
schists, and we saw them further south, on the river Vol and the Upper Vitchegda. 
These schists are either of a blackish colour, or of a ribboned-grey , and are 
occasionally traversed by a cleavage, independent of the lines ot bedding, which are 
always very much inclined. The great dislocation and high inclination of these, 
the oldest stratified rocks of this tract, are not participated in by the next deposit 
which succeeds, and which we have no hesitation in considering Upper Silurian. 
On the river Vashkina, near the icy sea, these rocks (see coloured section, PI. V .) are 
loaded with Pentameri, the remarkable shell Cytherina, very nearly allied to the 
species of Gothland, and also by numerous Upper Silurian cotals, such as Cate- 
nipora labyrinthica, Calainopora alveolciris, Strornatopora concent) ica, &c. 
Domanik Schists.— Other Upper Silurian beds of a very peculiar aspect (called 
3 H 
