CHAPTER XVIII. 
SOUTH URAL. 
(MAPS, PL. VI. AND VII., AND COLOURED SECTION, PLJir. fc-W.) 
Introduction. — Eastern Flanks of the Chain between the North Ural of the Miners and 
the South Ural of the Bashkirs, or between the river Issetz and the Zavod of Kish- 
tymsk. — From. Kishtymsk and Mount Sugomak by Soimanofski Zavod to Zlataust. 
Zlatoust, Taganai and environs.— Tract extending westwards to Simsk.— Trans- 
verse Section across the Chain, from the Palaozoic Strata of Pristan and the 
river Ai on the west, through the dolomitic and trapprcan rocks of Satkmslc, across 
the Ural Tau, to the highly crystalline and Metamorphic Rocks of Zlataust and 
Miask upon the east.— Tracts south of Miaslc.— Environs and Section of Cossatchi- 
datchi. — Granitic Steppes between the Ural and Troitsk in Siberia. Eastern edges 
of the Ural from Verch-Uralsk to Orsk.— Transverse Section from Orsk to Oren- 
burg. — Oblique Section of the Chain from, near Orenburg, by Preobrajensk and over 
the Irendyk to Verch-Uralsk. — Transverse Section of the Chain from Verch-Uralsk 
on the east to Sterlitamalc on the west. — Concluding Observations on the original 
Structure of the Ural Mountains and the Changes they have undergone ; on the 
inversion of the Strata and their direction in different parts of the Chain. 
The Southern Ural of the geographer may be said to be divided from the North 
Ural of the miners, in the parallel which the Russians have selected as the limit 
between the governments of Perm and Orenburg . 1 o the south of this boundary 
vegetation becomes richer, and fine streams flow longitudinally between important 
ridges, which expanding in their range southwards and south-westwards, finally 
occupy a region of considerable width. Light and running waters have access to 
beauteous glades, which, peopled by picturesquely-clad Bashkirs, cheer the sight of 
the traveller, who contrasts them with the gloomy and unpeopled thickets of the 
north. The Southern Ural is also distinguished by having its chief peaks upon the 
' In the time of Pallas a great part of the region described in this chapter was the government of 
Issetsk, since abolished, and now divided between Perm and Orenburg. 
