CHAPTER XIX. 
ANCIENT SURFACE OF THE URAL MOUNTAINS AND THE 
ADJACENT COUNTRIES.— GOLD AND MAMMOTH ALLUVIA. 
Introductory View, showing the Mineral conditions of the Ural Chain when the Paleo- 
zoic Conglomerates were formed. — No trace of Gold or Platinum in the ancient 
Cupriferous detritus on the West, nor in the Tertiary Grits on the East Flank of the 
Chain. — The present Watershed and the Gold Ore both formed during a compara- 
tively modern period. — Auriferous Alluvia at the Mines of Berezovsk. — The De- 
tritus of Gold veins and Mammoths’ hones therein. — Mines of Chrcstovodsvisgensk 
with Gold and Diamonds. — Mines of Peshanka near Bogoslofsk with Gold, Mam- 
moths’ bones, fyc.—Ores of Platinum as well as of Gold occasionally formed by dif- 
fusion through the Rocks. — Auriferous and Mammoth detritus along the East Flank 
of the Chain to Soimanofski Zavod. — Great richness of similar accumulations south 
of Minsk. — No traces of action of the sea on the East Flank of the Chain from after 
the Palaeozoic period to the present day. — The Gold Shingle of the Ural and its 
overlying Clay formed in the Lakes of an ancient Siberian Continent, where the 
Mammoths and other extinct Animals lived.— The fossil Mammalian Remains carried 
for ages into Lakes and Rivers, and thence into Estuaries and the Northern Sea.— 
Their final destruction probably caused by the last elevations of the Ural.— The 
Remains of fossil Animals in the Drift of European Russia considered —The sup- 
posed preservation of the Bos Urus to the present day explained.— Relative changes 
of Sea and Land considered. 
THE reader will already Lave seen, that just as surely as one sediment has suc- 
ceeded to another in the Ural Mountains, so have certain igneous evolutions and 
changes taken place at different periods, by which conglomerates were successively 
formed upon their shores. Thus, for example, we have already shown, that the 
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