APPENDIX 
A. 
Description of some characteristic Palaeozoic Corals of Russia. Uy W. Lonsdale, F.G.S. 
Syringopora parallela, Fischer. 
1 UBES slender, nearly parallel, closely fasciculated, rarely branched ; outer surface rugose, inner furrowed 
longitudinally ; furrows exceeding twelve; connecting processes very short, unequally disposed ; internal, 
funnel-shaped plates very irregular ; medial pipe variable in position and form ; terminal cup deep ; 
sides furrowed ; intermediate ridges tubercled; edge smooth, sharp. 
Harmodites parallelus, Fischer de Waldheim, Oryctographie du Gouvernement de Moscou, p. 161. 
pi. 37. fig. 6. (Carboniferous limestone, Miatchkova near Moscow.) 
The specimen assigned to this species agreed with M. Fischer’s excellent figure, and with his descrip- 
tion in all respects, except that the enlargement of the tubes at the insertion of the connecting processes 
was not a constant character. It agreed likewise very nearly with Goldfuss’s figure of Syring. reticulata 
(Petref. pi. 25. fig. 8. p, 76), an Olne fossil, which is stated by M. Fischer to occur also in the neigh- 
bourhood of Moscow ; and is considered by him to differ from Syring. parallela only in wanting the 
enlargements of the tubes (Oryc., p. 161). The author of these Notes not having been able to compare 
the Russian specimen, under consideration, with one from Olne, or with the fossils from other localities 
assigned to Syring. reticulata by numerous authorities, it has been deemed advisable not to give that 
specific name as a synonym. 
The fine specimen of Syring. parallela which was examined, was about three inches in height, and width, 
and one and a half in thickness. The tubes in their vertical range probably equalled that of the mass of 
the coral, though their diameter seldom exceeded a line. They diverged slightly from the base upwards, 
but were individually so nearly straight, that the adjacent tubes might be regarded as parallel. The inter- 
spaces were very small. The outer wall was seldom well-exhibited, but it possessed considerable relative 
thickness ; and the portions best preserved displayed clearly a very minutely porous structure, somewhat 
similar to that of Tubipora musica. The longitudinal furrows, first noticed in a published account of the 
genus, it is believed, by M. de Blainville (Man. d’Actinol. p. 354), were, as in other species, not often to 
be detected. Their exact number was not ascertained, but it exceeded twelve, a determination neverthe- 
less of interest, in an attempt to assign a systematic position to the genus, and sufficient, it is conceived, 
to remove Syringopora from the families Tubiporina or Halcyonina. Where best displayed, the furrows 
were rather less in breadth than the dividing ridges ; and the latter were so prominently tubercled, as to 
give to perfect casts of the former a similar aspect. I he funnel-shaped plates had generally an oblique 
upper edge, and were extremely irregular in position as well as curvature, and apparently seldom ranged 
singly around the tube at their superior extremity. The medial pipe, when it could be detected, was 
4 g 2 
