INDEX. 
667 
Bashkir summer camp (South Ural), lithographic sketch of, 
453, 654. 
Bashkirs, their chiefs, summer camps, kumiss, &c., 424, 451 , 453. 
, their horses and method of travelling, 459. 
Basin of the Permian strata in Russia, its vast extent, 136, 220. 
Basins, .1 urassic, of the Arctic Ural and Pctchora, 230 ; of the 
middle Volga, 231 ; of the Oka, 233 ; of Moscow, 235 ; of 
the lower Volga, 243 ; of South Russia, 248. 
Basins, Jurassic, their comparative size in Russia, 243. 
, their limits in Russia often undefined, 244,255. 
Basinier, M., his observations on the shores of the Aral, 8*. 
, observations on fossils collected bv him, 325. 
Bayanova, on the Issetz, altered limestones of, 365. 
Bayfield, Capt., his North American paleozoic fossils, 6. 
— , his shelly deposits of the St. Lawrence, 330. 
Beaches, raised, beds described as such sometimes raised sea 
bottoms, 328, 552 et seq. 
Bears, fossil remains of, in European Russia, 506. 
Beaumont, M. Elic de, bis geological map of France, 4 ; his 
French equivalent of the Permian system, 203. 
on the nummulitic beds of the Pyrenees, 
284. 
— , his reports on the memoirs by M. Bravais 
and M. Durochcr, 332, 526. 
, his view of the direction of mountain 
chains sustained, 587. 
Beck, Dr., his opinion concerning the shells of the raised sea 
beaches on the Dwina and Vaga, 32.9. 
Beechcy,Capt., his voyage to thePaeifie andEsehscholtzJ3ay,496 
Belaia, or Bielaya (Valdai), valley of, passage of Devonian into 
Carboniferous strata at, 45. 
Bclemnitesin the Jurassic beds on the rivers Petehora, Volga, 
Oka, Moskwa, &c., 230, 231, 233, 234, 237, &c. 
found in the bed of the Piaua, 244. 
Belemnites mucronatus, common to chalk of England and Rus- 
sia, 273 et seq. 
nbsolutm, a Russian Jurassic fossil, in India, 257. 
Belemnitic (Jurassic) strata at Taualysk (South Ural), 406. 
Belgium and Northern France, pabcozoie succession in, 4, 4*. 
, “roehes moutonnees” in, 552. 
Bendzin (Poland), coal 60 feet thick at, 651. 
Beresite, a granitic rock associated with gold, 477. 
Beresoiva-gora, near V. Uralsk (Ural), jaspers of, 454. 
Berozof (Ekaterinburg), auriferous gravel with mammoths’ 
bones near the, 478. 
Bcrezovsk (Ekaterinburg), gold mines of, 476. 
Berosovskaya Gora, east of lvongur, good view of the Ural 
ridge obtained from, 355. 
Berwick, coal-field of, analogous to that of the Donetz, 70, 94. 
Berzelius, Baron, assistance given by him to the authors (Pre- 
face, xiv.), 18. 
— , Ids views on the osars and the striation of 
the Swedish rocks, 543, 555. 
Beschkom, on the Pinega, white alabaster cliffs at, 172. 
Bessarabia, miocene tertiary deposits found in, 283, 293. 
Bethman, Colonel, assists the authors, 110. 
Biclagorskaya (Bachmutli), rocks overlying those of the car- 
boniferous series at, li t. 
Bielawieza or Bialarieja, in Lithuania, description of the forest 
of, inhabited by the Aurochs or 7ju.br, 504, 638. 
Bielaya-glina, south’ of Saratof, white chalk at, 270. 
Bielaya river (South Ural), Sdurian and palieozoic strata on 
the, 458 et seq. 
(Timan range), Fusulina limestone on, 415. 
, singular subconical hills of carboniferous lime- 
stone on the left bank of (Sterlitaraak), 130. 
, Permian strata on the banks of, 150. 
(Timan), eruptive rocks iu the upper gorges of, 416. 
Bielef, grotesque concretionary Devonian rocks on the road 
leading to, from Mtyensk, 58. 
Bielobor, on the Issetz, fossiliferons beds at, 363. 
Bielo-Ozero (lake), carboniferous limestone extends to, 74. 
Bielorietz, in the South Ural, Silurian limestone at, 455. 
Bielgorod, true chalk found at, 268. 
Bicsada, near Moscow, Jurassic fossils found at, 234. 
Bilirabaycvsk, account of the rocks at and near, 359. 
Billingen (Sweden), relations of the gneiss and Silurian strata 
at the hills of, 15. 
Bilton, Rev. W., his hook on Norway referred to, 11*. 
Binney, Mr., and Mr. Brown, their list of fossils of the red marls 
of Manchester, 215. 
Bissersk (North Ural), dolomites in the line of the igneous 
eruption from Sergiefsk to, 385. 
, gold and diamond alluvia near, 390. 
Bituminous coal, good, worked at Lissitchia-Balka, on the Do- 
netz, 109. 
Bituminous schist (Silurian), lithological character of, 28*. 
surmounting the Ungulite grit of 
St. Petersburgh, 27*. 
alternating with Silurian lime- 
stones at Tolks, 34. 
(Carboniferous), in the Valdai Hills, 71. 
, near Vitegra, 74. 
(Jurassic), of Goroditche, on the Volga, 245. 
Black dolomite, west flank of Ural, 385, 390. 
Black dust near the higher limits of the Ivalmiuss, not carboni- 
ferous ( Ichornozem ), 96. 
Black earth, or ichornozem, of Central and Southern Russia, 
its extent, composition and origin, 557 et seq. 
Black Sea, Miocene tertiaries extend to near the shores of, 283. 
, limestones on the northern and western shores of, 
referred to the Aralo-Caspiau series, 301. 
, relative level of this sea and the Caspian, 322. 
, change of its bottom since Herodotus, 523, 524. 
Blagodat (North Ural), hills and magnetic iron of, 378. 
Blasius, Professor, his cooperation in the first survey of the au- 
thors, Preface, and p. 53. 
Blocks and fragments of rock elevated on the banks of the 
Russian rivers on the breaking up of the frost, 567. 
Blocks, erratic. See also Boulders. 
, absence of far-travelled examples on the flanks 
of the Ural, 476. 
, absence of, in Siberia, 554. 
, associated with Scandinavian drift in Russia, 507. 
occasionally found of large size far southwards 
in Russia, 523. 
, the larger ones gradually disappearing, being 
used for roads, &c., 523. 
, uniformity of action of the causes that produced 
them, 524. 
, angular and local, ridges of, on the banks of a 
Russiau lake, 567. 
Blode, Major (now Lieut.-Colonel), bis notice of Upper Jurassic 
rocks on the Donetz, 249. 
, his conclusions respecting the geological position 
of the marls of Kursk, 270. 
, his opinion of the age of the gypsum in Podolia, 
295. 
Blue clay (lowest Silurian), its extent in the Baltic provinces of 
Russia, 26. 
, lithological and general character and thick- 
ness of, 26*. 
Boeck, Dr., his enumeration of Norwegian trilobites, 12. 
Bogdo, Mount (Great), doubtful Triassic rocks at, 8. 
, geological age of, probably Triassic, 193. 
, fossil remains of, considered, 194. 
, age of the limestone of, 196. 
, proofs of ancient higher level of the Caspian 
, 317. 
, Little, its resemblance to the Great Bogdo, 193. 
Bognor rooks (Sussex), resemblance of the Antipofka (Lower 
Volga) older tertiary concretions to them, 289. 
Bogoroslan, a line joining this town with Tchistopol is the 
western limit to the cupriferous Permian grits, 156. 
Bogoslofsk (North Ural), Silurian limestone on the road to, 380. 
, limestones of, Silurian and Devonian, 396, 397. 
4 R 2 
