INDEX. 
669 
Calcareous beds (Permian), two zones of, in Russia, 149. 
— , grits and sandstones with Produc- 
tus at Metaftaraak (Bielebei), 153. 
(Jurassic), rarity of, in Russia, 244. 
Calcareous grit and coral rag of Oxford, identical with the white 
limestone of Cracow' and the Donetz, 253. 
Cambrian system, meaning of this term when formerly em- 
ployed by Prof. Sedgwick and Mr. Murchison, 2. 
, contemporaneity of tlic rocks formerly so 
called with the lower Silurian, 2. 
Canal of Mari nsk connecting the drainage of the government 
of Vologda with that of St. Petersburgh, 49. 
Cancrine, Count de, his great encouragement of the authors 
(Preface, viii. xii.). 
, Product Cancrini (Permian), named after 
him, 148 et seq. 
Caninia ( SiptumophylUa ), description of the genus, (115. 
ibicim ? described and compared with Turbinolia ibi- 
cim, S17. 
Caradoc sandstone, rocks resembling this formation in the 
Ivraka hills (South Ural), 457. 
Carbonaceous matter, where developed in the palseozoic rocks 
of Russia, 69. 
strata of the southern tracts of Russia, general 
relations of, 117. 
grits of Akri-tau, 460. 
Carboniferous basin of Russia, central, 77. 
of Moscow, limits of the limestone of, 73. 
Carboniferous limestone of Russia, lower, middle and upper di- 
visions of, 70 to 123. 
, nature of the vegetation on 
its surface, 76. 
, account of the lower mem- 
bers on the flanks of the Ural, 125. 
, on the banks of the Ufa, 129. 
, outliers near Sterlitamak, 
130, 150. 
, its junction with Permian 
strata, 132, 146, 150, 159, 174. 
, the absence of its fragments 
in certain red (Permian) conglomerates, 177. 
— - on the Unja, and near Jc- 
latma, on the Oka, 234. 
, dolomitic, near Saksomsk 
(west flank of Ural), 353. 
, with millstone-grit in the 
Ural mountains and Timan range, 389, 414. 
in the Ural mountains. See 
Carboniferous rocks. 
; ■, ridges of this rock form both 
flanks of the Ural chain, 350 to 468. 
-, fragments of this rock make 
excellent drift-marks, 522. 
Carboniferous system, characteristic fossils of, in North 
America, 5*. 
of Russia, 69 et seq. 
, lower members of, in the 
Valdai Hills, 70. 
- , relation of the bottom beds 
to the Berwick coal-field of England, 76. 
-, magnesian limestone of, in 
belonging to, 73. 
the Valdai Hills, Moscow, Kolomna, &c., 72, 81 , 83, 84. 
-, white limestone of Archangel, 
-, great central basin of, 77. 
-, lower limestone of, at Tula 
-, white (central) limestone of, 
-, upper division of limestone, 
, region between the Dnieper 
and Kaluga, 79. 
at Moscow, 80. 
containing Fnsulinte, 85. 
and the Don (Donetz), containing good coal, 89. 
Carboniferous system of. Russia, red conglomerate at the base 
of, on the Donetz, 93, 94. 
, analogy of the lower part of 
the series on the Donetz with the English north of 
England and Scottish series, 95. 
— , relation of the anthracitic to 
the bituminous coal in, 100. 
— , sections on and near the 
Donetz, 102, 104. 
, coal mines of Jeleznoe or 
Nikitofka, 105 ; of Uspensk, 107. 
, coal works of Lissitchia-Bal- 
ka (chief works of the Donetz), 109. 
, tabular view referred to, exhi- 
biting the difference between the carboniferous masses in 
Northern and Southern Russia, 113. 
, outliers of, near Petrofskaya, 
north of Bachmuth, 115. 
, general relations of the 
southern portion of, and its probable extension (with coal) 
beneath the chalk, 117, 118. 
— , M. Demidoff’s work on the 
southern coal-field, 120. See Le Play. 
, remarks on the fauna, 132. 
Carboniferous rocks on the western flank of the Ural chain, 
124 et seq., 354 et seq. 
, sections of, on the Tchussovaya, 125, 
386 et seq. 
451, 460. 
■, Goniatite grits of, at Artinsk, 127. 
■, in the South Ural, 130, 430, 439,445, 
— , as exhibited in a general section on 
the west flank of the Ural mountains, 354. 
, seen on the Issetz river in Siberia, 363. 
, at Kamcnsk, 365. 
■, white limestone in I lie Timan range,41 4. 
— , at Cossatchi-Datclii on the eastern 
flank of the South Ural, 439. 
on the west flank of Akri-tau (South 
Ural), 460. 
, disturbances affecting them in the 
Ural, 468. 
Cardium, brackish species only among the Caspian shells, 307. 
Carelian country, erratic blocks of, 513. 
Cargopol, the flat tracts around, exhibit white carboniferous 
limestone, 75. 
Carpathian mountains, Jurassic and cretaceous rocks of, 264; 
age of granite of, 656. 
Carpathian sandstone, M. Zeuschner’s opinion of the age of this 
rock at variance with that of the authors, 264. 
, cretaceous age of the, 264. 
Caryophyllia, points in winch this genus differs from Lithoden- 
dron , 598. 
Caspian deposits, general view of the, 323. 
Caspian sea, former wide extent of, 8*, 297, 317. 
— , pliocene age of the shelly limestone on the west- 
ern shores of, 305. 
, shells of and fossils, found on the banks of, 306. 
, saltness of, 308. 
, absence of the requisite information on which to 
found exact comparisons of its Mollusca, 308. 
, the calculated amount of its depression below the 
Black Sea, 322. 
- — — , bitter taste of the water of, 323. 
, ancient northern extension of, 324. 
and Sea of Aral, formerly joined, 325. See Aralo- 
Caspian. 
— — — - rapidly filling up, 573. 
Castelnau, M. de, his Memoir on the geology of North America, 6. 
Casts of Brachiopoda, more abundant than the shells in mag- 
nesian limestones of different age, 73. 
Catenipora labyrinthica, Goldf. ( Halysiles labyrinthica of Fis- 
cher), description of, 593. 
