670 
INDEX. 
Caucasus, Jurassic rocks of, contemporaneous with the ‘ Terrain 
Oxfordien,’ 21!) ; cretaceous rocks of, 280. (See Duhois). 
, possible effects of the upheaval of that chain, 588. 
, Aralo-Caspian strata extend to, 298. 
, range of the steppe limestone believed to extend as 
far as, 305. 
, low steppe of the, 319. 
Caverns in the carboniferous limestone on the banks of the 
Tcliussovaya, 126. 
in cliffs of white gypsum (Permian) on the Ik, at Bamu- 
kova, and on the Pinega, 156, 167, 173. 
in carboniferous limestone of the Tcliussovaya, 388. 
Celo Nikilofskaya, quarries of Moscow millstones at, 239. 
Cephalopoda, rarity’ of, in the Russian carboniferous series, 134. 
, species of, characteristic of the Permian period, 
210. 
Centhium giganteum, supposed to be found in the eocene ter- 
tiary beds near Kief, 285. 
Cetotherium Rathkii, a new herbivorous Cetacean from the beds 
of the steppe limestone at Taman, 301. 
Chtstctes, the character of this genus of corals, 593. 
dilatatus, Fischer, description of, 596. 
Petropolilamm, its abundance in Russian lower Silu- 
rian rocks, 38*. 
, description of the species, 596. 
, radians, Fischer, a coral of the lower carboniferous 
limestone, found in the Valdai Hills, 71, 73, 74. 
, description of the species, 595. 
, this fossil found at Krasnoi-Kut (Donetz), 101. 
Chalcedony in the eruptive rocks of Tchaitzin-mis(Timan),415. 
Chalk filling up, unconformably, small basins of carboniferous 
rock, 108. 
, coal-seams pass under, and may be worked beneath it 
on the left bank of the Donetz, 118. 
, needles of, at Sviatagora on the Donetz, resting on Ju- 
rassic rocks, 250. 
, true white, reappears in many parts of Russia, 263, 265 
et seq. 
in the country of the Don Cossacks, 265 ; at Bielgorod,268. 
, range of, in the south-east of Russia, 272. 
found on the banks of the Ural river, 272. 
, thickness of, in some parts of the south of Russia, 279. 
of Russia resembles that of England, 583. 
Changes effected by the recent elevation of land near the shores 
of the Black Sea, 575. 
Chelonichtkys Arnusii (Ag.) ( Asterolepis of Eiehwald), a gi- 
gantic fossil fish from the Devonian rocks of Diirpat , 40, 53. 
, occurrence of this fish in Scotland, 53. 
Chemical analysis of the Russian coal referred to in the work 
of M. Demidoff, 121. 
of the tchornozein or black earth, 559, 560. 
Chert and flint associated with Permian grits and shales, 153. 
Cherty matter in the lower carboniferous rocks of Russia, 72, 73. 
Chlorite schist in the axis of the Ural near the Katclikanar, 391. 
Chloritic quartz of Balvano-is (Arctic Ural), 407. 
Cbloritic and talcose schists in the axis of the Ural, 360. 
Choanites, a fossil zoophyte of the chalk found in the Kiesel- 
thon of Kursk, 269. 
Chonetes, the importance of this fossil in the palatozoic rocks, 
207. ( Leptama lata, etc. ?). 
Chrestovodsvisgensk, gold mines of, 390, 480. 
Christiania, gneiss near, 11*. 
, section (pahcozoic) across the territory of, 13. 
, metamorphosed Silurian rocks near, 14*. 
Christof (Volga), red marls surrounding white limestone at, 179. 
Crystalline rock (Azoic) abundant in Scandinavia, 10*. 
Cirrus acutus found between Bielef and Lichviu in Devonian 
strata, 58. 
Cladocora, points in which this genus differs from Lithodendron, 
598. 
Cladocora ? sarmentosa, Lonsdale, description of Russian speci- 
mens, 600. 
Clay, blue (Silurian), of St. Petersburgh, 26*. 
Clay-slate in the Bulanka valley west of Zlataust, 429. 
Clay-stone, white, surmounting the chalk, 266, 269. 
and sands near Saratof, 274. 
and marl (cretaceous) at Kharkof, Kursk, and near 
Kamiscliine, on the Volga, 267, 269, 276. 
Cleavage imperfect in the metamorphic rocks of Listvanaya- 
gora, in the South Ural, 435. 
, slaty, of the rocks near Perevosnia, in the South 
Ural, 458. 
Climate, singular effects of, in Russia, 571. 
■ and soil of the dislocated carboniferous strata near the 
Donetz, 102. 
“ Clinkers,” resemblance to this English rock of some Jurassic 
beds iu the Moscow basin, 236. 
Cliutziski (Bielcbei), beds of white (Permian) limestone at, 162. 
Clyde beds, comparison of raised beaches of the Dwina and 
Vaga with, 329. 
Coal, its low position in the Russian carboniferous rocks, 7 1 . 
, poor seams of, on the Msta, 71. 
, thin seams of, near Lichvin, 77. 
of Russia, not formed out of terrestrial vegetation “ en 
masse,” 79, 113. 
associated with carboniferous limestone on the Donetz, 95. 
crops out at Gruskaya, Alexandrofsk, &c.. (Donetz), 96. 
, relation of anthracitic and bituminous kinds in Russia, 100. 
of intermediate quality worked at Krasnoi Kut (Donetz), 
101. 
, anthracitic, of Popofskoe (Donetz), 101 . 
, superiority of the anthracitic kinds, 102. 
, convulsions and disturbances that have affected the strata 
on and near the Donetz, 103. 
, grits associated with it containing Stigmaria, 103. 
worked at Jeleznoe or Nikitofka, and at Uspensk, 105, 107. 
— — •, at Lissitchia-Balka, 109. 
, shaft section of, at works of Lissitchia-Balka, 111. 
, seams of, worked at Petrofskaya, 116. 
• , absence of, in the drainage of the Dnieper, 117. 
, productive seams of, probably occurring beneath the 
chalk east of Uspensk and Lissitchia-Balka, 118. 
, value and importance of, in the southern districts of 
Russia, 1 18, 119. 
, work of M. le Play on the beds of this formation in 
Southern Russia, 120. 
■ on t he banks of the Tcliussovaya on the w estern flanks of 
the Ural, 126. 
, thin seams of, associated with Permian grits and shales 
on the Kidash (Bielebei), 154. 
, origin of, probably explained by the estuary phenomena 
of Russia, 5/0. 
Coal-fields of Poland and Silesia assume the type of those of 
Western Europe, 651. 
Coast of the Caspian, indications of an ancient one in different 
places, 31 7 et seq. 
Coccostcus and allied fishes not found in Russia, 67. 
Colour (dull light grey) of the Russian Silurian rocks contrasted 
with the red of the Devonian, 25*. 
Coloured Sections, Plates I. to V., description of, passim, and 655. 
Colmnnaria Jloriformis. See Lithostrotumjloriforme. 
sulcata, description of Russian specimens, 601. 
Conclusions (general), 1-9*, 19,38*, 68, 117, 136, 22 0, 253, 
280, 333, 402, 418, 461, 505, 554, 579. 
Concretions of argillaceous iron ore associated with the coal at 
Lissitchia-Balka, 109. 
of the Permian period near Orenburg, 147. 
* of white limestone at Christof on the Volga, 179. 
of sandy J urassic marlstone at Koroshovo, 236. 
of impure argillaceous limestone in the rocks of 
the Jurassic period at Vassili-Maidan, 244. 
observed by Pallas on the Sarpa, 317. 
Conformable junction of low r er Silurian and Devonian, 32*, 39*; 
of Devonian and carboniferous, 46, 48, 71, 74. 
between the carboniferous and Permian 
rocks, 146. 
