688 
INDEX. 
Olivieri, Col., his investigations of the coal of Russia, 78, 92 
et seq . ; his map of the Donetz country, 93 ; his Jurassic 
localities, 234. 
Olonetz, M. Engelmanu’s memoir on the mining district of, 23. 
Omberg (Sweden), junction of Silurian and azoic rocks, 17. 
Onega, hay of, islands of crystalline rocks in, 22. 
— , lake, examination of trappean and metamorphic rocks 
on the western hank of, 22*. 
, line of disturbance near, 24. 
, Devonian strata near, 47. 
, undulating hills of drift, near, 514. 
river, banks of, about 160 versts above its mouth, junc- 
tion of Devonian strata and carboniferous limestone to be 
seen, 49. 
, mouth of, in the White Sea, the strata of the De- 
vonian age probably form the subsoil there, 49. 
, extension of the white carboniferous limestone to 
the, 73. 
Ontoleva (on the Ishora), notice of red beds there by Strang- 
ways, 32*. 
, superposition of the beds at, 32*. 
Oolites of England, their representatives among the Jurassic 
rocks of Russia, 248. 
, extension of beds contemporaneous with 
the Oxford clay of that series from the plains of Prussia to 
the frontiers of Asia, 256. 
Oolitic or .1 urassie system of Russia, 229 et seq., 582. 
, upper limestone of, on the 
Donetz, 250. 
beds of the miocene period in southern Russia, 294. 
Optika (Orel), sandy Devonian beds at Ivanolsk on the banks 
of the, 57. 
Orbicula (Silurian) associated with Ungulites on the banks of 
the Tosna, 28. 
mmotis (Jurassic), reference to, 246. 
d’Orbigny, M. Alcide, bis conclusion regarding the fossils of the 
Jurassic rocks of Russia, 249. 
, his comparison of the fossils of the Rus- 
sian Jurassic rocks with those of the English oolites, 254. 
(See vol. ii.) 
Orenburg, an anticlinal axis extends to, from Sterlitamak, 131. 
, ascending series of Permian rocks near, 145. 
, light coloured marly sandstone Permian at, 147. 
, red grits and conglomerates (Permian) in its neigh- 
bourhood, 1 19 ; sketch of in the distance, 450. 654. 
, Permian rocks and rock-salt south of, 183 et seq. 
, fossils from the eastern steppes of, identified as Ju- 
rassic by von Buch, 247. 
Organic remains. See Fossils. 
Origin of coal in Southern Russia not to be explained by subsi- 
dence of the land on which the plants grew, 113. 
, analogy to explain, at mouth of Dwina, 570. 
copper, gold and platinum alluvia, 472, 484. 
Orloff, Count Alexis. See Preface, xiv. 
Orontes (Tanghi-Daria), the stream of this river artificially de- 
flected, fp 77. 
Orsk and Vereh-Uralsk, description of the Guberlinski Hills be- 
tween these spots, 444. 
, jaspideons bands and eruptive rocks near, 446. 
Orthis generally characteristic of Silurian rocks, 36 et seq. 
eucimia in the upper (carboniferous) limestone and asso- 
ciated wit.ii Pusuliua, 83. 
, the rarity of this genuB in the Permian system, 217. 
Orthography, English, how applied to Russian words, 658. 
Orthoceratite limestone (lower Silurian), at Kinnekulle, Omberg, 
Berg, Oland, &c. in Sweden, 15, 15*, 17, 18. 
of Russia, called * pleta,’ forms 
one subdivision of the Russian Silurian series, 25*, 28*. 
— of Esthonia, 33* et seq. 
- — — , its characteristic peculiarities 
in different beds, 36*. 
Osar, or Asar, piles of stones, sand and gravel resembling mo- 
raines, description of, 542, 543. 
Osar, or Asar, aqueous origin of, illustrated, 537. 
Oscillations affecting the Russian carboniferous rocks, 133. 
, great, without derangement of the strata, 331. 
, explaining the local drift phenomena of Si- 
beria, 500. 
, a frequent occurrence in Russia, 585. 
Oslanskoi Pristan, on the Tchnssovaya, trough of carboniferous 
limestone between this place and Kinovsk, 385. 
Oslrcea, fossil found in Permian limestones of Itshalki, 166. 
, also in the carboniferous limestone of Belgium, 225. 
Otley, Mr. Jonathan, his exertions in Cumberland, 2*. 
Ottrada, village of, sections of Devonian strata on the cliffs of 
the Oka near, 57. 
Outliers of carboniferous limestone near Petrofskaya, on the 
right hank of the Upper Donetz, 115. 
— — on the banks of the Bie- 
laya, 130, 150, 431, 461. 
Ouvarovite, a beautiful green mineral peculiar to the Ural 
mountains aud Siberia, locality of, 390, 643. 
Orel, on the Oka, dome of Devonian rocks, 55, 56. 
, central dome of, free from transported blocks, 525. 
Owen, Dr. Dale, his account of the geology of Indiana, 4*. 
Owen, Prof., his microscopic examination of the teeth of Ben- 
drodus, 67 ; description of the V. Murchisoni, 636. 
, his opinion of the adaptation of the mammoth to 
live in northern climates, 497. 
, his opinion on the Aurochs, 503. 
Oxford clay, or Terrain Oxfordien of Russia, 230. 
, various basins of, 229 to 248. 
, the equivalent of the Russian lower Jurassic, 
253. 
, fossils of this deposit in Southern Africa, 257. 
, importance of this bed in Eastern Europe, 258. 
Oxus river, its stream artificially deflected, 577. 
Paillette, M., his researches in the north of Spain, 4*. 
, his examination of the sulphur deposits of 
Sicily, 158. 
Palatki, fossiliferous Permian limestone of, 148. 
Pallas, bis notice of the Fusulina limestone, 87. 
, bis account of the sulphur deposits at the baths of Ser- 
giefsk, 158. 
, his account of the freezing caverns of Illetzkaya Zast- 
chita, 190. 
, his account of Mount Bogdo, 193. 
, his notice of the concretions of impure argillaceous lime- 
stone of Vassili-Maidan, 244. 
, his account of chalk on the Busuluk river, 272. 
, his idea of a great ancient, inland sea, 298. 
, his account of the Caucasian boundary of the southern 
steppes, 315. 
, Ins opinion of the ancient Caspian, 317. 
, his distinction of the ages of the two salt deposits of the 
steppes, 320. 
, his descriptions of the Ural mountains, 337. 
, his account of the Katchkanar, 392. 
, his account of fossil bones in Siberia, 494 ; in Russia, 
503. 
Palaeozoic classification of the British Isles, 1. 
applied to Germany and Belgium, 3. 
France and Spain, 4. 
of North America, 4*. 
of South America, 6. 
of Northern Europe and Asia, 6*. 
of India, Africa, and Australia, 6*. 
corals of Russia described by Mr. Lonsdale, 591. 
Palaeozoic rocks in the heart of the Ural, 456. 
all elevated in parallel directions in the Ural, 
468. 
succession nf deposits. See Silurian, Devonian, Car- 
boniferous and Permian, 
. - type of the zeclistcin continued into certain overlying 
(Permian) sandstones, 201. 
