G94 
INDEX. 
Silicified trees found in the sands around Veliki Ustiug, 177. 
Siliestrom, M., and M. Bohtlingk, their remarks on the form of 
mounds of detritus In Scandinavia, 555. 
Silkia. a ridge of quartz rock south-west of Zlatoust, 429. 
' l ower Silurian rocks between this ridge and Salkmsk, 
432. 
Silurian gravel of Germany derived from Sweden, 544. 
rocks of Scandinavia, 10. 
., lower, of Norway, 11*. 
succession from lower to upper, in Norway, 12*. 
affected by eruptive rocks in Norway, 14. 
of Sweden, 15 et set/. 
(upper) of Gothland, 18 
of Russia, 20 et seq. 
, those on the Lappish frontier greatly 
metamorphosed, 23*. 
of the Baltic provinces and St. Peters- 
burg (all lower Silurian), 25 et seq. 
found in Esthoilia, 33*. 
(upper) in Oesel and Dago, 35. 
. , organic remains found in them, 36. 
of the North Ural, 364, 370, 394, 396 et seq., 408, 
422. 
, their relation with Devonian 
strata on the Serebrianka, 384. 
undisturbed on the banks of the 
river Is, 394. 
with Devonian rocks at Bogos- 
lofsk and on the Kakva, 396, 402. 
of the Arctic Ural, 405, 408. 
of the Tinian range, 413. 
of the South Ural on its western flanks, 429, 430, 
432,456,459,460. 
form the chief crystalline axis of the Ural, 40b. 
Silurian system, first establishment of, hv Mr. Murchison, vi., 1. 
' scarcely represented by fossils in Belgium, the 
Rhenish provinces and the Hartz, 3. 
, absence of, through large mountain districts 
in Germany, 3*. 
in full force at Prague, 3*. 
, its extent and distribution in France, 4; in 
Spain, 4*; in North America, 4*; in South America, 6; 
ill Africa and in Australia, 6*; in Scandinavia and in Rus- 
sia, 7, 1 L * to 39*. . , __ , 
> its dismembered and peculiar state m the Ural 
mountains, 350 to 470. „ , , 
resemblance of that exhibited in Northern 
Europe generally t.o that of England, 580. 
Simbirsk, cliffs of Fusulina limestone to the south of, 8b. 
, Jurassic basin in the government of, 243. 
t Jurassic beds emerge from beneath the chalk in tne 
valley of the Volga at, 244. 
, cretaceous beds of, 273. See Jasikojf. 
, eocene tertiaries of, 283, 287. 
Simsk (South Ural), zavod of, 431. . , 
Sinara (south-east of Ekaterinburg), gypsum on the right bank 
of, 422. 
Siphonophyttia. See Caninia. 
Sira, Babka, &c., sections of lower Permian rocks near these 
rivers, 142. 
Sirga river, iron-works of Nijnv Serginsk, on the, 3o6. 
Sisola, Jurassic rocks on the banks of, 417. 
Skars or Skors, rocky isles in Sweden, description of, 542. 
— , probable origin of, 556. 
Skeletons of large mammals, their broken condition in the 
Ural, 494. 
found frozen in Siberia, 495. 
Slaboka, white chalk on the, 266. 
Slaty granitic rocks the fundamental basis of the carboniferous 
system in the Donetz country, 92. 
Slavcnka, ‘ trainee ' of blocks on the slope of a hill near the, 512. 
Smeof, near Teliistopol, section of Permian strata at, 161. 
Smirnoff, Captain, his assistance, 110. 
Smith, Mr. (of Jordan Hill), his opinion concerning the shells 
found in the Dwina and Vaga deposits, 329. 
Smolino, on the Issetz, greenstone and graystone at, 363. 
Sniefka, on the Krinka, outcrop of bad coal at, 99. 
Snow don, shells found in !he Arctic Ural like those of, 408. 
Snowdonian slates, age of, 3. 
Soil of Russia rapidly washed away, 572. 
Soil, cold and unfavourable, on the blue clay of St. Petersburg, 
27. . 
, productive, the black earth of Russia, oo9. 
Soimanofsk, zavod of, 426. 
. , gold alluvia with mammoth bones at, 487. 
Soiva (Petebora), outline of carboniferous limestone on the, 415. 
Sok, escarpments of magnesian limestone ou the banks of the, 
L57. 
Solikamsk, sequence of Permian rocks at, 145. 
Soliman, Mount, west of Yuryusensk, Devonian limestone of, 
430. 
Solimenski-kamen, description of, by M. Engelmann, referred to, 
23. 
, breccia resembling this rock in the Arctic 
Ural, 411. 
, direction of the drift from, 527. 
Solivetsk monastery on isle of the White Sea, crystalline rocks 
of, 22*. 
Sopliusa (near the Petebora), whetstone bed (carboniferous) 
from the, 410. 
Sosva river, palaeozoic deposits on, 396. 
, upper Silurian rocks at, 402. 
South Ural. See Ural Mountains. 
Southern steppes, crystalline rocks of, 91. 
Sowerhy, Mr. James, fossils described by, 12 et passim. 
Spain, Silurian rocks of, in the Asturias, 4. 
Sparrow 7 hills (Moscow), section on the Moskwa near, 237. 
Spask, environs of, the northern limit of the basin of Bulgar, 
325. 
Spaskaya (South Ural), gray limestone of, 444. 
Sphcermites, account of, 38. 
found in lower Silurian limestone at Freberga 
(Sweden), 18. 
Spirifer lynx, widely diffused lower Silurian type, 5,38. 
Spirifers with numerous simple plaits characterize Devonian 
strata, 63. 
Spirifer Mosquensis , characteristic of the central carboniferous 
limestone of Russia, 70, 72, 76. 80, 81 et seq., 414, 460. 
— — , the fossil found throughout the coal-bearing 
series of Lissitohia-Balka, 110. 
■ — found in the carboniferous limestone of the 
Ural mountains, 126, 460; in the Tinian range, 414 ; in 
the Sontll Ural, 160. 
Spirifers, not many species in the Russian carboniferous series, 
135. 
Spitzbergen, carboniferous limestone found at, 582. 
Springs of the steppe of Astrakhan, origin of, 320. 
Starai Russ a (south of Lake Ilmen), sinking through the Devo- 
nian strut a at, 45. 
Starai Ladoga, on the Volkof, Lbigulite grit at, 27*. 
Stchipina, in the Tinian range, carboniferous limestone of, 415. 
Steam-engines little used in working the Russian coal-mines, 108. 
Steens fiord, Norway, upper Silurian flagstones and tilestones 
at, 13. 
Stennis, lake of, recently converted from a salt-water into a 
freshwater lake, 302. 
Stepnaya (South Ural), granitic knolls at, 443. 
Steppe, granitic, of Volhynia and Podolia, height of its western 
extremity, 21. 
Steppes, upper, coal-field of the Donetz occupies the hills of, 90. 
, southern, crystallite rocks of, 91. 
Steppe limestone, or Aralo-Caspian, nature of, 297, 299. 
, abundance of fossil Cardium found in the, 307. 
. -, different elevations of, 322. 
, general conclusions concerning, 583. 
I Steppe deposits (lower) of the former Caspian, 314. 
