« 
Period 2. March 13 through March 16. 
first come down on the hearth. 
#kf 
After the gulls have 
ijy 
|igpg§| 
As far as their "behavior in other places than the hearth is 
concerned, it seems to remain as before. Good description 
(relatively, that is) of their behavior on the flooded field in 
notes (M. Mar 13). Drawing of Chase (M. Mar 13, 1). Gulls in 
the field roost seem to get fewer and fewer and fewer each day. 
Possibly also true of flooded field. 
Behavior on hearth. General remarks. On March 13 and 
succeeding days the gulls came down on both the hearth itself 
and the adjacent mere. They came down very gradually at first. 
Very panicky (see accompanying paper). Most of the gulls seem 
to be in pairs. Most are territorial. A great deal, of aggression 
and courtship (takes much the same form as in previous week; 
more ground displays?). Courtship itself was less conspicuous 
the first day than on later ones. 
Courtship . First definitely seen on hearth (M. Mar 14, 2, etc.) 
Courtship on water (M. Mar 14). Our best descriptions of 
courtship are contained in our notes of Mar, 16. 
Sveral instances of conspicuous aggressiveness on the part 
of the male during courtship (M. Mar 16, 19; R. Mar 16, 10-11-12- 
13-20). 
At first glance, it does not seem probable that females 
are less aggressive than males during courtship. 
Aerial display . Chasing and Swooping as before. Occurs 
very often after mutual display between partners on ground (see 
last year). In this latter case, we don't know which sex does 
it (M. Mar 16, 13). 
Birds on water . Birds seem to be semi-territorial even here. 
Are those gulls on water the ones with the lowest sexual drive? 
When the birds first come down, they are packed closely together; 
later they scatter a bit. (This may also be true of birds on 
ground. ) 
Single males . There are some certainly. Hard to distinguish 
because the display of a single male is similar to that of a 
mated male when alone. 
Upward . Orientation extremely variable. See M. Mar 16. 
Forward . Also very variable in orientation. On water, the 
Whole “body, especially primaries and tail, seem particularly low 
(M. Mar 16, 7). Presumably wings are held out further. In 
one or two cases at least, the F was not preceded by a U, but 
rather by indications of FB (M. Mar 16, 9-aat-ll). 
r> 
