Misa et al.: Establishing species-habitat associations for 4 eteline snappers 
307 
it also is clear that bottomfish distributions are spe- 
cies-specific and cannot be generalized for all members 
of the bottomfish fishery in Hawaii. Because it has in- 
creased our knowledge of the ecology of individual spe- 
cies, the results of this study can aid in the improve- 
ment of ecosystem-based management strategies and 
definitions of species-specific EFHs. Moving forward, 
to further improve our understanding of the habitat 
requirements of bottomfish species in Hawaii, research 
on bottomfish habitat should focus on development of 
models to determine the dispersal range of bait-odor 
plumes, identification of the effective scale of attrac- 
tion to bait stations, standardization of sampling areas, 
and inclusion of habitat heterogeneity and macroscale 
habitat characteristics in future analyses of bottomfish 
distributions. 
Acknowledgments 
We would like to thank C. Moore, D. Sackett, and F. 
DeLeo for input on statistical design and testing; C. 
Demarke, B. Alexander, J. Yeh, J. Friedman, and B. 
Schumacher for many hours of field operations and 
video analysis; D. Merritt, K. Wong, and the Coral Reef 
Ecosystem Division of the NOAA Pacific Islands Fish- 
eries Science Center for giving us access to BotCam 
units; J. Ault, S. Smith, M. Parke, G. DiNardo, and J. 
Brodziak for assistance with the experimental design; 
and captains R. Cates ( Wailoa ) and G. Jones {Red Ra- 
ven-, Huki Pono). This project was funded by the State 
of Hawaii DLNR-DAR and in part by the Federal Aid 
in Sport Fish Restoration Program. 
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