DON COSSACKS. 337 
territory, were under the direction of Sir Charles c ^ p - 
Gascoigne '. From thence the Emperor's artil- ' — 1 
lery passes by water to the Black Sea. Sir 
Charles found very excellent coal at Lngan : 
in consequence of this discovery, and the con- 
venience of situation for water-carriage, the 
foundry was there established. 
The remarkable appellation of the river at 
Kamenskaia has perhaps already excited philo- 
logical notice. In our maps it is written Donne z; 
and in those of Germany, Donetz. We paid the 
greatest attention to the pronunciation of the 
natives; particularly of those Cossack officers 
who, by their education, were capable of de- 
termining the mode of orthography best suited 
to the manner in which the word is spoken ; 
and always found it to be Danaetz, although fre- 
quently pronounced, as if a T was before the D, TmHu. 
Tdanaetz, or Tanaets. But this is the name, 
or nearly so, that was given by the Antient 
(1) The author is desirous to correct here an error of the former 
edition. There was nothing in the manner of Sir Charles Gascoigne’s 
leaving his country, to warrant the notion entertained by some persons 
in Russia of his being exempted from the benefit of the British laws. 
He was formerly Director of the Carron Works in Scotland; and was 
solicited by the late Empress Catherine, through the medium of 
Admiral Grcig, her First Lord of the Admiralty, to enter into her 
service : to this he agreed, and left Great Britain for Russia in 
1786. 
VOL. I. 
Z 
