136 
Fishery Bulletin 111(2) 
Table 4 
Counts and proportional measurements of the holotype and paratype of Syno- 
dus bondi and the neotype of S. foetens. Standard length presented in millime- 
ters; other measurement values in percentages of standard length; values in 
parentheses are percentages of head length. 
Synodus bondi 
Holotype 
ANSP 68634 
Synodus bondi 
Paratype 
ANSP 68635 
Synodus foetens 
Neotype 
USNM 408413 
Standard length 
220.0 
155.9 
205.0 
Vertebrae 
60 
- 
62 
Dorsal-fin rays 
13 
12 
14 
Anal-fin rays 
10 
10 
12 
Pectoral-fin rays 
13-12 
14-13 
14-14 
Pelvic-fin rays 
8-8 
8-8 
8-8 
Caudal-fin rays 
42 
42 
42 
Pored lateral-line scales 
60 
59 
62 
Predorsal scales 
24 
23 
28 
Cheek scales 
6 
6 
7 
Body depth (pelvic origin) 
12.0 
10.5 
13.2 
Body depth (anal origin) 
10.8 
8.8 
8.5 
Caudal-peduncle depth 
6.0 
5.9 
5.4 
Body width 
13.2 
12.1 
11.8 
Head length 
25.7 
24.7 
25.3 
Snout length 
7.7 (30.0) 
6.5 (26.3) 
7.3 (28.9) 
Nostril-flap length 
0.8 (3.1) 
0.7 (2.7) 
0.6 (2.5) 
Orbit diameter 
3.2 (12.4) 
3.4 (13.6) 
3.7 (14.5) 
Adipose-lid width 
1.2 (4.7) 
1.1 (4.6) 
0.8 (3.1) 
Interorbital width 
4.3 (16.6) 
3.8 (15.5) 
3.7 (14.5) 
Upper-jaw length 
16.2 (62.9) 
15.3 (62.0) 
15.5 (61.4) 
Predorsal length 
44.4 
44.1 
43.6 
Preanal length 
77.3 
76.4 
74.7 
Preadipose length 
81.8 
81.4 
79.0 
Prepelvic length 
36.6 
37.5 
36.2 
Dorsal-fin base 
12.8 
11.9 
11.4 
Longest dorsal ray 
16.2 
16.1 
15.0 
Anal-fin base 
11.0 
11.0 
12.2 
Longest anal ray 
9.5 
8.5 
8.2 
Pectoral-fin length 
11.8 
11.6 
12.3 
Pelvic-fin length 
18.4 
18.7 
20.5 
Caudal-peduncle length 
10.7 
13.9 
9.4 
Caudal-fin length 
18.0 
20.3 
16.7 
outer row covered by lips; posterior teeth in both jaws 
directed slightly anteriorly. Palatine with 3-4 rows 
of depressible teeth, teeth directed posteromedially. 
Tongue with 5 rows of posteriorly directed teeth, larg- 
est near anterior tip. Anterior nostril on level with me- 
dian axis of orbit; posterior nostril same size and situ- 
ated slightly dorsal to anterior nostril, nostrils almost 
on dorsal surface of snout; anterior nostril with small, 
triangular flap, length of flap when depressed 0. 4-1.0% 
SL (0.8%) and 1. 7-4.0% HL (3.0%); anterior nostril flap 
reaches center of posterior nostril when depressed (Fig. 
2C); posterior nostril without flap. 
Cheek with 7 rows of large scales, opercle with 3-5 
vertical rows of 9-10 scales on anterior margin; pre- 
dorsal scales extending anteriorly above anterior mar- 
gin of preopercle; interorbital re- 
gion naked. Dorsal and anal fins 
each flanked basally by 8-10 half 
scales, remainder of dorsal and 
anal fins without scales; 3 large, 
diamond-shaped scales covering 
pelvic-fin base, pelvic-fins flanked 
by a row of 4-6 half-scales lateral- 
ly, remainder of pelvic fin and pec- 
toral fin without scales; 7-9 rows 
of body scales extending onto base 
of caudal fin; upper and lower cau- 
dal lobes each with a single, en- 
larged, horizontally elongate scale. 
Coloration 
Before preservation (Fig. 5A) Head 
and dorsal half of trunk olive to 
brown, ventral half of trunk pale; 
6—8 dark, vertical, cross-shaped 
markings along trunk in speci- 
mens <100 mm SL, with crosses 
disappearing or becoming indis- 
tinct dark patches in larger speci- 
mens; rows of light spots extend- 
ing laterally over trunk; groove 
above maxilla with stripe of 
black pigment from anterior edge 
of orbit to posterior end of jaw; 
posterior edge of branchiostegal 
membrane pale yellow; dorsal fin 
brown with translucent membrane 
between rays; adipose fin tan with 
dark dorsal edge; pectoral fin 
translucent with dark pigment on 
dorsal edge; pelvic fin translucent 
to pale yellow; anal fin pale; dark 
pigment present along posterior 
margin of ventral portion of upper 
caudal-fin lobe and along entire 
posterior margin of lower lobe, 
sometimes extending onto main 
portion of ventral lobe. 
In preservative (Fig. 5B.) Trunk dark tan to brown dor- 
sally, paler ventrally; dark markings in small speci- 
Table 5 
Frequency distributions of counts of anal-fin rays in 
Synodus bondi in= 46) and S. foetens (n= 52). 
Anal-fin rays 
10 11 12 13 
Synodus bondi 12 32 2 - 
Synodus foetens - 2 35 15 
