144 
Fishery Bulletin 113(2) 
A. hexapterus 
A. personatus 
A. japonicus 
A. heian n. sp. 
O 
O 
o 
O 
On 
O® O 
o O 
A 
§ 
C 
£ 
iA A 
J,i 1 a_4 
, \ 
-5 
Discriminant function 1 
Figure 5 
Plot of scores from stepwise discriminant function analysis of morphometric and 
meristic characters for species of Ammodytes of the North Pacific region. 
and Unimak Pass (Fig. 1). Published sequences in Gen- 
Bank indicate A. hexapterus is also distributed in the 
Beaufort Sea and Hudson Bay, Canada (Table 4). 
Etymology 
The specific name hexapterus is derived from hex 
meaning “six” and aptera literally meaning “without 
wings,” likely referring to the lack of pelvic fins in this 
species. We propose the common name “Arctic sand 
lance,” replacing the name “Pacific sand lance,” which 
we assign to A. personatus, to more properly reflect its 
distribution. 
Remarks 
No type material is extant for Ammodytes hexapterus 
(Svetovidov, 1978, 1981). Because of the close morpho- 
logical similarity but distinct genetic signature of spe- 
cies of Ammodytes, we, therefore, designate UAM 2813 
from the Chukchi Sea as the neotype. Among species 
of Ammodytes, only A. hexapterus is known from the 
Chukchi Sea. The species was described originally from 
material obtained at uncertain locations during Rus- 
sian expeditions into the Bering and Chukchi seas. 
Duncker and Mohr (1939) uncertainly synonymized 
A. hexapterus under A. dubius, despite the priority by 
date of A. hexapterus. Following Nizinski et al. (1990), 
we identified A. dubius morphologically and found COI 
sequence data to support the species-level separation 
of A. hexapterus and A. dubius, although A. dubius it- 
self was genetically indistinguishable from A. america- 
nus in the COI region. 
Ammoytes personatus Girard, 1 856 
Pacific sand lance 
Figures 6B and 7B; Tables 5-7 
Ammodytes personatus Girard, 1856:137 (original de- 
scription; no types known; possibly USNM 612, 
3 specimens, the lot is missing; Cape Flattery, 
Washington). 
Ammodytes alascanus Cope, 1873:30 (original descrip- 
tion; syntypes ANSP 8956-57, 2 specimens; Sitka, 
Alaska). 
Ammodytes aleutensis Duncker and Mohr, 1939:20 
(in part; original description; paralectotypes ZMB 
14235, 5 specimens, 87.0-114.5 mm, Unalaska, Alas- 
ka, Albatross, 16 June 1890). 
Neotype 
UW 152354, 124.0 mm, Washington, Strait of Juan de 
Fuca, off Miller Peninsula, 48.4°N, 122. 9°W, 25 April 
2013, A. Kagley (GenBank Accession KJ137281), herein 
designated. 
