191 
DURING THE SCHOLASTIC YEAH 1837-8. 
the bone. There consequently remained no doubt that in the vio- 
lence which produced the fracture the pointed fragment of the rib 
was the cause of all the mischief which the post-mortem examina- 
tion discovered. 
A draught mare, employed in agricultural work, six years old, 
and that had never had a foal, had a carcinomatous enlargement 
at the inferior commissure of the vulva. It had been observed 
during the two years that the farmer had possessed her. It was 
dangerous to apply any means of cure, on account of her habit of 
kicking. Some attempts had, however, been made to remove the 
nuisance, but the occasional contact of the hairs of the tail with the 
diseased parts, and the irritation of the urine, and more particularly 
of the pungent remedies that had been employed in the hope of 
remedying the evil, had produced an inflammation which increased 
the mischief, and hastened the growth of the tumour. 
She was first brought to us about eighteen months ago. 
The tumour measured then about two inches in every direction, 
and was ulcerated in several parts. The borders of the ulcers 
were indurated, irregular, grey, and covered with a squamous 
crust, and a kind of grey foetid ichor ran from them. Proper atten- 
tion, and some opiate lotions, seemed to arrest, for a certain time, 
the progress of the evil; but on her second visit, six months after- 
wards, the enlargement occupied two-thirds, at least, of the labia 
of the vulva. It had assumed the consistence of a scirrhous tissue 
through the greater part of its extent — tubercles, shewed them- 
selves distinctly around it, and especially around the ulcers, and, 
on full consideration, we determined to remove the portions, the 
structure of which had undergone the greatest change. The pa- 
tient was, some days afterwards, capable of resuming her labour, 
and retained her appetite, condition, and strength. 
February 19, 1838. — In order to check the progress of this 
morbid growth, we were compelled to excise, at least, two-thirds 
of the labia of the vulva, and a portion of the bulb of the ureter. 
The mammary glands had now also very much increased in size, 
and become scirrhous. We did not dare to attack them with the 
knife, and frictions both with mercury and with iodine had no 
effect. The discharge of purulent, serous, and foetid matter was 
now very abundant, the appetite began to fail, she became thinner 
every day, and infiltrations of fluid began to appear on her hind 
limbs and under the belly. It was evident that the disease was 
assuming a cancerous character, and we determined to destroy her. 
On inspection of the carcass, the mucous membrane of the va- 
gina presented a very deep red hue, and an evident diminution in 
its consistence, almost to the neck of the uterus. An incision into 
it discovered a lardaceous tissue, studded with tubercles, and a 
