246 CALCULI IN THE KIDNEYS OF A COW. 
Aug. 20, 1827. — A sudden exacerbation of the disease came 
on ; the dog was dreadfully agitated — he barked and rolled him- 
self on the ground almost continually — he made frequent attempts 
to void his urine, and which came from him drop by drop. When 
he was compelled to walk, his hind and his fore legs seemed to 
mingle together — his loins were bent into a perfect curve — he 
could scarcely be induced to eat — his flanks were drawn in, and 
he appeared to suffer very much in voiding his faeces. Milk and 
demulcent liquids were his only food; warm baths and injections 
were used, and in six or eight days he regained his usual habits 
and state of health. 
Mar. 13, 1828. — The symptoms returned with greater intensity. 
His hind limbs were perfectly palsied, and dragged after him — he 
lost flesh with strange rapidity, and his howlings were fearful and 
continual. 
The same mode of treatment was adopted ; but there being very 
slight improvement after five or six days had passed, and his cries 
continuing, he was destroyed. 
The stomach and intestines were healthy — the liver was of a 
marbled red colour, and easily torn — the mesentery in some 
places, and particularly near the sub-lumbar region, was indu- 
rated, and of a purple hue. The bladder appeared to be enlarged, 
not from the quantity of liquid which it contained, but the thick- 
ness and induration of its parietes, the opposite sides of which 
could not approximate. Its mucous membrane was thickly co- 
vered with ecchymoses, the extent of which varied from a pin’s 
point to the size of a thumb. The kidneys were nearly three or 
four times their ordinary size. Inclosed in the pelvis was a calculus 
of an irregular form, weighing twenty-six grains. The substance 
of the kidneys presented scarcely any trace of their original struc- 
ture. The calculus was analysed, and contained 
Uric acid 58.0 
Ammonia 30.8 
Phosphate of lime 10.1 
Oxalate of lime 1.1 
100.0 
The substances that are found in the vesical and renal concre- 
tions of the human being are often found in those of the dog. The 
composition of these concretions in the carnivora is more varied 
than has been thought, depending on the organization and the food 
of the animal, and the fluid which is the base of the concretion. 
Some of our correspondents will probably throw a little light on the 
subject of renal calculi, the mode of their formation, and the 
symptoms of their existence.] Y. 
