THE 
VETERINARIAN. 
VOL. XII, No. 137.] MAY 1839. [New Series, No. 77. 
COMPARATIVE ANATOMY AND PATHOLOGY. 
By Mr. You att. 
LECTURE XXIV*. 
The Turbinated Bones in Quadrupeds — the Horse — the superior 
one — the frontal and maxillary Sinuses — the inferior one — 
their protection — loss of the Nasals — Excision of the superior 
one — ditto of both — the turbinated Bones of the Ox — Sheep — 
Goat — Deer — the sub-orbital Sinuses in Deer — the Dog — the 
Ethmoid Bone in Dogs — the influence of the length of the Face 
* — the Swine — the Seal — Birds — Fishes. 
IT will be convenient to describe the whole of the internal nares 
in our domesticated quadrupeds before we proceed to any other 
class of animals. There are two bones, or collections of bony cells, 
in each nostril, which, , from their peculiar convoluted shape, are 
called turbinated bones. 
The Turbinated Bones — Horse. — In this animal and all herbivo- 
rous ones, and also, as we shall hereafter see, in the long muzzled 
carnivora, these bones are lengthened, and comparatively simple 
in their construction. There are two in each nostril ; and termed, 
with reference to their situation, the superior and the inferior. The 
superior turbinator in the horse seems to be almost a continuance of 
the ethmoid bone. It presents a labyrinth of cavities, divided into 
cells by septa of curious tenuity, communicating with each other 
by distinct passages, and also the bones of most of the cells being 
perforated by innumerable minute holes, establishing a nervous 
communication through the whole labyrinth. Some of the parti- 
tions are imperforate, perhaps to support the numerous arches 
* In the last line of the former Lecture, in page 153, for “ animals,” read 
“ quadrupeds.” 
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