H I P PO- P AT HOLOG Y. 
359 
PROGRESS. — The malady ill its acute form attains its height com- 
monly about the fourth or fifth day, and after the sixth or seventh 
begins to decline, leaving the patient out of danger at the expiration 
of the tenth or twelfth. Should the case not go on favourably, how- 
ever, about the fifth or seventh or ninth day we may look lor dis- 
solution. The signs of growing worse are, the respiration becoming 
oppressed, the pulse quicker and fainter ; the skin and extremities 
cold ; the mouth cold and clammy ; and the nostrils dry, lacking 
any moisture whatever. 
The Pathognomonic Symptoms of bronchitis are nasal flux, 
with reddening of the Schneiderian membrane, cough, sore throat, 
dyspnoea. Auscultation will assist us in our diagnosis. In place 
of the natural, soft, and all but inaudible murmur , we shall per- 
ceive a distinct sound, a cooing sort of noise, arising from want of 
secretion within the tubes. When the secretion returns, and in 
augmented quantity, we may be able to detect the rale or rattle as it 
is called. These sounds will, of course, be present only in places 
where the disease is present ; and in one or both lungs, according 
as the case may happen to be. 
The PROGNOSIS is in general favourable. Bronchitis is dan- 
gerous only when the secretions clog or obstruct the tubes — or in its 
Complicated Forms, when combined with other disease of the 
lung, with pleurisy, and especially with disorder of the mucous 
lining of the alimentary canal. In this latter case, in combination 
with diarrhoea, and when the inflammation is running high in the 
bronchial membrane, there is hardly a chance of saving the animal. 
PATHOLOGY. — Veterinarians have continued too long in the error 
out of which even human surgeons have not many years emerged ; 
viz. the mistake of confounding bronchitis with peripneumony, 
and calling both by one name, inflammation of the lungs. It is 
true, the bronchial tubes constitute part of the lungs ; but then, in- 
flammation seated in a mucous membrane must be regarded in a dif- 
ferent light from inflammation in cellular tissue, such being the nature 
of the parenchymatous substance of the lungs, as well as dissimilar 
from any congested condition of the large pulmonary bloodvessels. 
The inflammatory attacks of the lungs to which young horses are so 
especially obnoxious, are, for the most part, cases of bronchitis ; and 
even of such as are peripneumony, bronchitis is a common prece- 
dent or accompaniment. In fact, there hardly exists any organic 
disease of lung in which bronchitis is not present, either in a pri- 
mary or secondary form. 
The Terminations or consequences of bronchitis are such as to 
make us anxious to institute such treatment at its commencement 
as is most likely to lead to their prevention ; it being, of all others, 
the most fertile source of those organic changes which in particular 
