VETERINARY COLLEGES — ALFORT. 455 
eases of brute animals, and the best modes of cure. He has also 
the charge of the police health of the establishment. 
5. A Professor of Veterinary Surgery, who, beside the oral les- 
sons which he gives, is obliged to perform, in the presence of the 
students, every operation which the veterinary patient may by 
possibility need. He also gives lectures on farriery, and on vete- 
rinary jurisprudence. 
The Director delivers lectures on the art of educating and breed- 
ing domestic animals. He also has the charge of the study of the 
breeds of animals, and points out to the student where the crossing 
of different breeds is attended with advantage or the contrary, 
according to the different uses to which the animals are to be ap- 
plied. 
Each Professor has an assistant, whose duty is to repeat the lead- 
ing points of the lecture and the experiments and operations, and 
also to examine the students. 
In order that the students may always have subjects for in- 
struction, sick animals are received into the infirmary at very low 
prices. A sick horse costs the owner two and a half francs, or two 
shillings and a penny, per day, and sick dogs only sixpence a day. 
There is a foreman or superintendent belonging to the forge, 
whose duty it is to attend to the forge, and to give instruction to 
the students in Farriery. For this purpose the pupils are assem- 
bled by sections. There are eight furnaces, with each a bellows, 
so that sixteen students can work at the same time. They are 
successively replaced at intervals, according to their respective 
numbers. In a shed belonging to the forges, there is a long bench, 
to which the feet of dead horses are fastened, and upon these the 
students practise the art of Farriery in the first instance. 
The duration of the studies is four years. One of the profes- 
sors informed me, that in practice four years had been generally 
found to be too long. About half the time, but certainly never 
less than that, would, except in cases of great idleness or stupidity, 
be enough. 
The studies are as follow : — 
1st year. Osteology ; Myology ; Natural Philosophy ; the ex- 
terior of Animals, Vegetable Physics and Botany. 
2d. Splanchnology, not confined to the abdomen, but extending 
to the other cavities of the body; Chemistry; Veterinary Botany, 
and Pharmacology. 
3d. Veterinary and Comparative Physiology; the first part of 
Pathology and Surgery. 
4th. Veterinary Jurisprudence; Public Health, or Sanitary 
Police ; the second part of Pathology and Surgery, and the break- 
ing and education of domestic animals. 
