541 
HUSK— PHTHISIS— DISEASED LUNGS IN A COW. 
By Mr. W. A. CARTWRIGHT, Whitchurch. 
I WAS sent for on June 12, 1839, to a tan-yard, to examine a 
dead cow belonging to Mr. Sparkes, of Blacoe, that had been ill 
for some months of the husk. I did not attend during her illness, 
nor do I know any particulars of her illness or its symptoms. 
Trachea . — On laying open the trachea from the larynx, I found 
that it was much diseased in half a dozen places, or more. 
Just about (at the posterior part) where the cartilages overlap each 
other, it had, at intervals of about an inch, a dark blue appearance, 
thickened and more prominent ; and, on cutting into these places, 
pus issued thereout, leaving the cavities of a dark hue. Close 
around these abscesses, and for some distance, there was effu- 
sion of venous blood, one-eighth of an inch in thickness; indeed, it 
would almost seem as if the abscesses had been formed in the centre 
of effused venous blood. In four or six places on the sides of the 
trachea, there were small ulcers, just through the mucous membrane. 
In several other places, immediately above the bifurcation of the 
trachea, there were several ulcers larger than a shilling, and their 
outer edges were raised and rough, and of a pinkish colour. Within 
the circumference of the ulcers there was a concrete gritty sub- 
stance, of a yellowish colour, and of various thickness. These 
ulcers extended to the cartilages, but had not entered into them ; 
yet, on breaking some of them, they were evidently more brittle 
than at any other part. 
There were none in the larynx. Throughout nearly the whole 
of the bronchial tubes one-half of their mucous surfaces were 
ulcerated, and within the ulcers there was the same concrete gritty 
matter as in those of the trachea. On the other more healthy por- 
tions there was a great secretion of thick mucus, almost filling and 
obstructing their tubes, and some of it was found among the 
matter in the various abscesses, or where these tubes opened. In 
a few places on the mucous surface of these bronchial tubes I 
found small tubercles, with the same concrete gritty matter in them. 
Lungs . — On an external view of the lungs they were consider- 
ably larger than natural ; in some places of a healthy pink colour, 
and in others of a yellow-white. The outer surface had an irre- 
gular appearance and feeling. In some places it was hard, and in 
others sound and elastic. 
The vast number of small tubercles that could be felt and seen on 
the surface and in the substance of the lungs, were nothing more than 
VOL. XII. 4 B 
