REVIEW. — ON THE VICES OF HORSES. 
569 
“ The Arabians, whose horses have the finest and most glossy- 
coats of any in the world, use only a little camel’s or horse’s dung 
grasped in the hand, or of straw, to clean them with, and all nearly 
may be done that is really necessary by a judicious use of it, or 
by hay-bands still more soft : and, we are assured, it would be 
much better often to let it go undone, rather than to irritate the 
animal to such a degree, as to excite his violence, or create a mi- 
serable vice of this sort ; for dirt even will fall off of itself if left, 
without much injury or inconvenience to the animal; that to be 
too tenacious about it in all cases is little less than a folly. 
“ Where however, the vice of crib-biting has taken place and 
has become a confirmed habit, there is no better way of breaking 
them of it, that we at present know of, than Yare’s muzzle, formed 
of light thin plates of iron crossing each other at right angles nearly, 
and at the bottom of it, or next the lips, with two thin iron bars, 
parallel and nearly flat, and a little projecting. Now these will 
admit the lips through to take up hay or corn, but will not allow 
the teeth to come in contact with the manger. Having expe- 
rienced the great utility of this apparatus, I assisted in procuring 
for him the silver medal of the Society of Arts about ten years 
since, in whose volumes a more particular account of it may be 
seen. 
“ In Yare’s apparatus, the above muzzle is sustained about the 
mouth of the animal, by the usual stable headstall ; we should pro- 
pose however, a great improvement in its effects and office, by 
carrying the transverse, or occipital strap, to some distance from 
the base of the ears, and so not irritating them ; and also, and 
which is worse, from the pithing place of the neck also, or the 
open space of the Atlantal hiatus , the tenderest and most fatal 
part of the whole horse, laying it rather upon the chine of the neck, 
or Encolure, as the French would call it, instead ; — a system first 
observed upon by us, and more fully explained, in the essay, On 
the Bits of Horses, and which we there shewed was also well 
understood in the more enlightened periods of the Greek and 
Roman empires.” 
Cattle Pathology, or a Treatise on the Pathology of the Ox. 
By P. B. Gell k, Professor of the Royal Veterinary School of 
Toulouse. Huzard, Paris, 1839. 
SUCH is the translation of the title of a work now passing 
through the press, and written by this talented and excellent 
instructor. Professor Gelle has long been distinguished for the 
ardour with which he has distinguished himself in the improve- 
ment of veterinary science. He has selected this particular de<- 
