622 ENLARGEMENT OF THE KIDNEY IN A HORSE. 
have to amalgamate together, and to form one large uniform or 
irregular tumour. 
The circumstance of principal interest in this case is the enor- 
mous size of the tumour. It is supposed to have weighed more 
than 112 pounds. A similar enlargement occurred a few years 
ago in a ewe. One of the kidneys weighed thirty-five pounds. 
It seemed to have absorbed all the nutriment of the frame, for the 
animal was in a sadly emaciated condition. In this case, however, 
the horse retained, for aught we hear to the contrary, pretty nearly 
his former condition. 
We regret that Mr. Freeman did not more accurately observe 
the altered structure of this gland. It might have thrown some 
valuable light on the nature and progress of disease in various 
compartments of that complicated organ. Professor Dick, in 1833, 
favoured us with the history of a case of renal disease and disorgani- 
zation in a mare. It was more than suspected, during the life of 
the mare, that disease of these organs existed. On her death there 
was great disproportionate size of the kidneys. That on the left side 
was greatly enlarged, while the one on the other side was reduced 
far below its ordinary dimensions. The diminished kidney had a 
considerable calculus in its pelvis, and smaller ones in its tubular 
substance. The tubuli uriniferi were enlarged into cysts, con- 
taining a mixture of sand, urine, and pus. The parenchymatous 
substance of the kidney was rotten, and crumbled down between 
the fingers. 
The left or enlarged kidney was not so much changed in its in- 
ternal structure — there was calculus, but there was the same mix- 
ture of sand, urine, and pus. In one part there was a collection 
of pus, without any mixture, to the extent of about two ounces. 
Professor Rigot gives an account of a horse’s kidney which 
weighed nearly twenty pounds, and which enclosed a considerable 
quantity of cerebriform matter. A melanotic matter was found in 
the clots of blood that mingled with the encephaloid substance*. 
The pathological anatomy of the urinary organs, and particu- 
larly of the kidneys, is a subject that has been too much neglected 
among us. 
Y. 
Journ. de Med. Yet. 1827, p. 301. 
